Abstract

Symbiotic microbes affect many aspects of the life of multicellular organisms and may favor their adaptation to a changing environment, but there is little direct experimental evidence of such a contribution. To assess the possible role of the microbiome in the adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to a high-NaCl feed substrate, we used two laboratory lines of salt-adapted flies (C1, C2) and two control lines cultivated on a standard feed without salt (H1, H2). We have already shown that the presowing of homogenate of flies C1 on the surface of a saline feed increases the breeding efficiency and enhances the development of drosophila larvae in comparison with a homogenate of H1 flies. We repeated this experiment for lines C2 and H2 and obtained similar data, which proves the reproducibility of the revealed effect. In addition, we found contrasting differences in the number and taxonomic composition of yeast in drosophila homogenates of the salt-adapted and control lines. The results correspond to the assumption that changes in the symbiotic microbiome, including its yeast component, may contribute to the adaptation of drosophila to unfavorable feed substrates. The possible evolutionary consequences of such a contribution are discussed in this work.

中文翻译：

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微生物组影响果蝇适应高NaCl浓度

摘要

共生微生物会影响多细胞生物的生活的许多方面，并可能有利于它们适应不断变化的环境，但是几乎没有直接的实验证据表明这种贡献。评估微生物组在果蝇适应中的可能作用对于高NaCl饲料基质，我们使用了两个实验室的适应盐的蝇类（C1，C2）和两个在不含盐的标准饲料（H1，H2）上培育的对照系。我们已经表明，与H1蝇的匀浆相比，将C1蝇的匀浆预播在盐饲料上可以提高育种效率，并增强果蝇幼虫的发育。我们对C2和H2线重复了该实验，并获得了相似的数据，证明了所揭示效应的可重复性。此外，我们发现在盐适应和对照品系的果蝇匀浆中，酵母的数量和分类学组成存在明显差异。结果符合以下假设：共生微生物组（包括其酵母成分）的变化，可能有助于果蝇适应不利的饲料底物。在这项工作中讨论了这种贡献可能产生的进化后果。