Abstract—

Exosomes are small (30–100 nm) vesicles of the endocytic membrane that may be found in the endosome system of multivesicular organs and are released after fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. Exosomes function as carriers for specific loads and are stable in biological fluids; hence, exosomes are considered as potential biomarkers of different diseases. The degree of involvement and functional significance of exosomes in pathogenesis of depression have been poorly studied. The development of diagnostic methods for depressive disorders based on the analysis of circulating exosomes is very promising, despite the methodological complications related to their isolation and identification. The purpose of this study was to isolate exosomes from the blood serum of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and compare them with healthy volunteers using different methods of evaluation. The concentration of serum exosomes assessed using the methods of dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and the enzyme-linked immunoassay was statistically elevated in patients with MDD compared to healthy volunteers. The possible connection between the increased level of serum exosomes with the cell-mediated immune activation that is seen in depression is discussed.

中文翻译：

---

重度抑郁症患者血清外泌体水平升高

摘要—

外泌体是内吞膜的小囊泡（30-100 nm），可能在多囊泡器官的内体系统中发现，并在多囊泡体与质膜融合后释放。外泌体充当特定负荷的载体，并且在生物体液中稳定；因此，外泌体被认为是不同疾病的潜在生物标志物。外来体在抑郁症发病机制中的参与程度和功能意义研究很少。尽管与分离和鉴定有关的方法学复杂性，但基于循环外泌体分析的抑郁症诊断方法的开发非常有前途。这项研究的目的是从重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的血清中分离外泌体，并使用不同的评估方法将其与健康志愿者进行比较。与健康志愿者相比，使用动态光散射，纳米颗粒跟踪分析和酶联免疫测定方法评估的血清外泌体浓度在MDD患者中有统计学意义的升高。讨论了血清外泌体水平升高与抑郁症中细胞介导的免疫激活之间的可能联系。与健康志愿者相比，MDD患者的酶联免疫法统计学上有所提高。讨论了血清外泌体水平的升高与抑郁症中细胞介导的免疫激活之间的可能联系。与健康志愿者相比，MDD患者的酶联免疫测定在统计学上有所提高。讨论了血清外泌体水平升高与抑郁症中细胞介导的免疫激活之间的可能联系。