The structure and antifriction properties acquired by a new composite produced from ShKh15SG structural steel grinding waste with additions of CaF2 solid lubricant are examined. The material is intended to operate at 300–400°C under loads of 5.0–7.0 MPa in air. Analysis of the secondary structures and antifriction properties shows that contact surfaces of the test material and counterface are covered with continuous antiseize friction films in the operating conditions in question. They contain chemical elements of both the composite and the counterface, as well as calcium fluoride. Oxygen is also present in the friction films as it participates in their development, entering into chemical reactions with the contacting elements to form various oxides and promote oxidative wear. The antifriction ShKh15SG + 5.0–7.0% CaF2 composite can be effectively used in friction units intended to operate in self-lubrication conditions at 300–400°C under loads of 5.0–7.0 MPa in air. In these operating conditions, the wear rate of the self-lubricating films that form on friction surfaces is balanced by their recovery rate. This is confirmed by high tribological properties. Recovered industrial grinding waste of structural steels is shown to be promising as a metal matrix to make high-quality antifriction composites for specific operating conditions. The structure and properties of the composites can be controlled by choosing the chemical composition of grinding waste and applying optimized manufacturing modes.

中文翻译：

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ShKh15SG磨钢废料制备复合材料的摩擦学性能

通过添加 CaF2 固体润滑剂的 ​​ShKh15SG 结构钢研磨废料生产的新复合材料获得的结构和减摩性能进行了检查。该材料旨在在 5.0–7.0 MPa 的空气负载下在 300–400°C 下运行。对二级结构和减摩性能的分析表明，在所讨论的操作条件下，测试材料和配合面的接触表面覆盖有连续的防卡摩擦膜。它们包含复合材料和反面的化学元素，以及氟化钙。氧气也存在于摩擦膜中，因为它参与摩擦膜的形成，与接触元素发生化学反应，形成各种氧化物并促进氧化磨损。减摩性 ShKh15SG + 5.0–7。0% CaF2 复合材料可有效地用于摩擦单元，该摩擦单元旨在在空气中 5.0-7.0 MPa 的负载下在 300-400°C 的自润滑条件下运行。在这些操作条件下，摩擦表面上形成的自润滑膜的磨损率与其恢复率相平衡。高摩擦学特性证实了这一点。回收的结构钢工业磨削废料被证明是有前途的金属基体，可用于制造适用于特定操作条件的高质量减摩复合材料。复合材料的结构和性能可以通过选择磨削废料的化学成分和应用优化的制造模式来控制。在摩擦表面形成的自润滑膜的磨损率与其恢复率相平衡。高摩擦学特性证实了这一点。回收的结构钢工业磨削废料被证明是有前途的金属基体，可用于制造适用于特定操作条件的高质量减摩复合材料。复合材料的结构和性能可以通过选择磨削废料的化学成分和应用优化的制造模式来控制。在摩擦表面形成的自润滑膜的磨损率与其恢复率相平衡。高摩擦学特性证实了这一点。回收的结构钢工业磨削废料被证明是有前途的金属基体，可用于制造适用于特定操作条件的高质量减摩复合材料。复合材料的结构和性能可以通过选择磨削废料的化学成分和应用优化的制造模式来控制。