The main purpose of modern roadways is to provide roadway users with both a comfortable and safe ride to their destinations. As such, they need pavements in good physical conditions to ensure safe and uninterrupted transportation of the public. During the previous decades, roadway engineers’ interests have shifted towards maintenance and rehabilitation of existing pavement structures, rather than the construction of new structures. Nevertheless, pavement condition assessment (PCA) remains imperative both during construction for quality assurance purposes and during roadways’ service life for efficient maintenance planning. Research and current practices have shifted towards a broadened utilization of advanced non-destructive testing systems that enable non-invasive PCA. The current investigation aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the geophysical methods available for modern roadways’ assessment. Geophysical surveying techniques including ground penetrating radar (GPR) and those based on stress waves theory can substantially improve PCA. They cover roadway applications including layer thicknesses determination, stiffness estimation of asphalt and concrete pavements, as well as the determination of physical properties, subsurface defects detection and most recently density monitoring. In particular, it is demonstrated that GPR can assist pavement engineers at all stages of PCA from the construction process through density control and compaction monitoring. Furthermore, throughout a roadway’s service life, GPR can be effectively incorporated as a supplementary tool for monitoring and evaluation within a pavement management system, contributing to optimizing roadways design and maintenance, preserving durable and sustainable structures, ensuring cost savings for road authorities and highway operators through enhanced decision-making processes.

中文翻译：

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使用无损地球物理测量技术评估现代道路

现代道路的主要目的是为道路使用者提供前往目的地的舒适和安全的旅程。因此，他们需要物理条件良好的人行道，以确保安全和不间断的公众交通。在过去的几十年里，道路工程师的兴趣已经转向现有路面结构的维护和修复，而不是建造新结构。尽管如此，路面状况评估 (PCA) 在施工期间为了质量保证目的和在道路使用寿命期间进行有效的维护规划仍然是必不可少的。研究和当前实践已转向更广泛地利用先进的无损检测系统，以实现非侵入性 PCA。目前的调查旨在全面概述可用于现代道路评估的地球物理方法。包括探地雷达 (GPR) 和基于应力波理论的地球物理测量技术可以显着提高 PCA。它们涵盖了道路应用，包括层厚确定、沥青和混凝土路面的刚度估计，以及物理特性的确定、地下缺陷检测和最近的密度监测。特别是，事实证明 GPR 可以在 PCA 的各个阶段为路面工程师提供帮助，从施工过程到密度控制和压实监控。此外，在道路的整个使用寿命期间，