Objectives

To assess the prevalence of dental implant-related perforations of relevant anatomical structures and inadequate spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth or implant, and their association with anatomical location, implant dimension, thread exposure, and presence of graft, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods

CBCT scans of patients with implants were retrospectively assessed regarding the presence of implant-related perforation of adjacent anatomical structures, and inadequate mesial and distal spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth/implant (i.e., < 1 mm or < 3 mm, respectively). Implants were classified according to anatomical location, dimensions, thread exposure, and the presence of graft (i.e., bone graft or bone substitutes). Prevalence of perforations and inadequate spacing was compared among the different implant classifications (Chi-squared test). Significance level was set at 5%.

Results

A total of 1109 implants were assessed, out of which 369 (33.3%) presented perforation of adjacent structures. Prevalence of perforations in the maxilla (43.5%) was higher than in the mandible (11.3%). Inadequate spacing was found in 18.2% of the mesial and distal measurements, which was more prevalent in the maxilla (p < 0.001). Implants perforating adjacent structures or placed with inadequate spacing presented higher prevalence of thread exposure (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the presence of perforations or inadequate spacing and presence of graft (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Implant-related perforations of relevant anatomical structures and inadequate spacing between the implant and the adjacent tooth/implant are relatively prevalent and more common in the maxilla. Both are associated with threads exposure.

Clinical relevance

Information on dental implant-related perforations and inadequate spacing can assist dental surgeons in pre-surgical planning.

中文翻译：

---

使用锥形束计算机断层扫描对牙种植体相关穿孔的相关解剖结构进行回顾性评估，以及种植体/牙齿之间的间距不足。

目标

使用锥束计算机断层摄影术评估相关的解剖结构与种植体相关的穿孔的发生率，以及种植体与相邻牙齿或种植体之间的间距不足，以及它们与解剖位置，种植体尺寸，螺纹暴露以及是否存在移植物的关系， （CBCT）。

材料和方法

回顾性评估植入物患者的CBCT扫描，检查是否存在与邻近解剖结构有关的植入物相关穿孔，以及植入物与相邻牙齿/植入物之间的近中距和远端间距（即分别小于1 mm或<3 mm） 。根据解剖位置，尺寸，线暴露和移植物的存在（即，骨移植物或骨替代物）对植入物进行分类。比较了不同植入物类别的穿孔率和间距不足（卡方检验）。显着性水平设定为5％。

结果

总共评估了1109个植入物，其中369个（33.3％）植入了相邻结构的穿孔。上颌穿孔率（43.5％）高于下颌骨穿孔率（11.3％）。在内侧和远端测量的18.2％中发现间距不足，这在上颌骨中更为普遍（p  <0.001）。植入邻近结构或间距不足的植入物的线暴露率较高（p  <0.001）。在穿孔或间距不足与移植物之间没有发现显着差异（p  > 0.05）。

结论

相关解剖结构的植入物相关穿孔以及植入物与相邻牙齿/植入物之间的间距不足相对较普遍，在上颌骨中更为常见。两者都与线程暴露有关。

临床相关性

有关与牙种植体相关的穿孔和间距不足的信息可以帮助牙科医生进行手术前的计划。