BACKGROUND Grass pollen allergy is one of the most common allergies worldwide. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of grass pollen allergen molecules for prediction of grass pollen allergy during childhood and up to adolescence. METHOD Questionnaire data and sera obtained from the study subjects at the ages of 4, 8, and 16 years from the population-based Barn/Children Allergy Milieu Stockholm Epidemiology birth cohort were used. Sera from 763 representative subjects with serum samples available at all 3 ages were analyzed for IgE reactivity to 8 Phleum pratense (Phl p) allergens (MeDALL [Mechanisms for the Development of Allergies] chip) and to timothy grass extract (ImmunoCAP). Allergic rhinitis to grass pollen (ARg) was defined as upper airway symptoms during grass pollen exposure. RESULTS The prevalence of sensitization to any Phl p molecule was higher compared with that to timothy extract at all 3 ages: at the age of 4 years, 9.7% versus 6.8%; at the age of 8 years, 28.4% versus 15.3%; and at the age of 16 years, 37.1% versus 27.1%. General estimating equations analyses revealed that among children sensitized at the age of 4 years, the overall odds ratio (OR) of later ARg (up to 16 years) was increased only for IgE reactivity to Phl p 1 (OR = 4.9) and natural Phl p 4 (OR = 6.9). The likelihood of later symptoms increased with the number of allergen molecules; at the age of 4 years, 2 or more molecules predicted ARg to 78% and 3 or more molecules predicted ARg to 95%. A positive test result for timothy extract predicted ARg to 70%. CONCLUSIONS Natural Phl p 4 is a hitherto unrecognized early indicator of grass pollen allergy, in addition to Phl p 1. To identify grass pollen sensitization and predict later ARg, allergen molecules are of added value to timothy extract alone and may help clinicians improve prediction of grass pollen allergy.

中文翻译：

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出生队列天然Phl p 4中对草粉花粉过敏原分子的敏化作用是草粉花粉过敏的早期指标。

背景技术草花粉过敏是全世界最常见的过敏之一。目的本研究的目的是评估草粉花粉过敏原分子在预测儿童期至青春期的草粉花粉过敏的有效性。方法使用从基于人群的谷仓/儿童过敏性Milieu斯德哥尔摩流行病学出生队列中的4岁，8岁和16岁研究对象获得的问卷数据和血清。分析了来自763名代表性受试者的血清，这些血清在3个年龄段均可用，对8种8草（Phl p）过敏原（MeDALL [过敏发展机制]芯片）和提摩西草提取物（ImmunoCAP）的IgE反应性进行了分析。对草花粉的过敏性鼻炎（ARg）被定义为草花粉暴露期间的上呼吸道症状。结果在所有三个年龄段中，对任何Phl p分子的致敏率均高于对timothy提取物的致敏率：4岁时为9.7％对6.8％。在8岁的年龄段，分别为28.4％和15.3％；在16岁时，这一比例为37.1％，而27.1％。一般估计方程分析显示，在4岁以下致敏的儿童中，仅对IgE对Phl p 1（OR = 4.9）和自然Phl具有反应性，以后的ARg（至16岁）的总体比值比（OR）会增加。 p 4（OR = 6.9）。随着变应原分子数量的增加，以后出现症状的可能性也增加。在4岁时，有2个或更多分子预测ARg为78％，有3个或更多分子预测ARg为95％。薄荷提取物的阳性测试结果预测ARg为70％。