Divalent ion-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles for voltammetry Immunosensing: comparison of transducer signals in an assay for the squamous cell carcinoma antigen,Microchimica Acta

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Divalent ion-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles for voltammetry Immunosensing: comparison of transducer signals in an assay for the squamous cell carcinoma antigen
Microchimica Acta ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4115-0
Iswary Letchumanan ₁ , Subash C B Gopinath _{1,

2} , M K Md Arshad _{1,

3}

Affiliation

A method is described for the electrochemical determination of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, and by testing the effect of 30 nm gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Three comparative studies were performed in the presence and absence of GNPs, and with agglomerated GNPs. The divalent ion Ca(II) was used to induce a strong agglomeration of GNPs, as confirmed by colorimetry and voltammetry. Herein, colorimetry was used to test the best amount of salt needed to aggregate the GNPs. Despite, voltammetry was used to determine the status of biomolecules on the sensor. The topography of the surface of ZnO-coated interdigitated electrodes was analyzed by using 3D-nano profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and high-power microscopy. The interaction between SCC antigen and antibody trigger vibrations on the sensor and cause dipole moment, which was measured using a picoammeter with a linear sweep from 0 to 2 V at 0.01 V step voltage. The sensitivity level was 10 fM by 3σ calculation for the dispersed GNP-conjugated antigen. This indicates a 100-fold enhancement compared to the condition without GNP conjugation. However, the sensitivity level for agglomerated GNPs conjugated antibody was not significant with 100 fM sensitivity. Specificity was tested for other proteins in serum, namely blood clotting factor IX, C-reactive protein, and serum albumin. The SCC antigen was quantified in spiked serum and gave recoveries that ranged between 80 and 90%. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) antigen determination using divalent ion induced agglomerated GNPs. Sensitivity increment depends on the occurrence of more SCC antigen and antibody binding event via GNPs integration. Notably, lower detection limit was achieved at femto molar with proper orientation of biological molecules.

中文翻译：

二价离子诱导的金纳米颗粒聚集用于伏安法免疫传感：鳞状细胞癌抗原测定中换能器信号的比较

描述了一种电化学测定鳞状细胞癌 (SCC) 抗原的方法，并通过测试 30 nm 金纳米粒子 (GNP) 的效果。在存在和不存在 GNP 以及聚集的 GNP 的情况下进行了三项比较研究。比色法和伏安法证实，二价离子 Ca(II) 用于诱导 GNP 的强烈团聚。在此，比色法用于测试聚合 GNP 所需的最佳盐量。尽管如此，伏安法还是用于确定传感器上生物分子的状态。通过使用 3D 纳米轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和高倍显微镜分析了 ZnO 涂层叉指电极表面的形貌。SCC 抗原和抗体之间的相互作用会触发传感器上的振动并引起偶极矩，这是使用皮安计在 0.01 V 步进电压下线性扫描从 0 到 2 V 进行测量的。对于分散的 GNP 偶联抗原，通过 3σ 计算得出的灵敏度水平为 10 fM。这表明与没有 GNP 共轭的条件相比提高了 100 倍。然而，凝聚的 GNP 偶联抗体的灵敏度水平在 100 fM 灵敏度下并不显着。测试了血清中其他蛋白质的特异性，即凝血因子 IX、C 反应蛋白和血清白蛋白。SCC 抗原在加标血清中定量，回收率介于 80% 和 90% 之间。图形摘要使用二价离子诱导的聚集 GNP 测定 SCC（鳞状细胞癌）抗原的示意图。灵敏度增加取决于通过 GNP 整合发生更多 SCC 抗原和抗体结合事件。值得注意的是，在具有适当生物分子取向的飞摩尔处实现了较低的检测限。

更新日期：2020-01-14

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