Main conclusionA total of 41 SNPs were identified as significantly associated with five yield-related traits in wild soybean populations across multiple environments, and the candidate gene GsCID1 was found to be associated with seed weight. These results may facilitate improvements in cultivated soybean.AbstractCrop-related wild species contain new sources of genetic diversity for crop improvement. Wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) is the progenitor of cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and can be used as an essential genetic resource for yield improvements. In this research, using genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 96 out of 113 wild soybean accessions with 114,090 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (with minor allele frequencies ≤ 0.05), SNPs associated with five yield-related traits were identified across multiple environments. In total, 41 SNPs were significantly associated with the traits in two or more environments (significance threshold P ≤ 8.76 × 10–6), with 29, 7, 3, and 2 SNPs detected for 100-seed weight (SW), maturity time (MT), seed yield per plant (SY) and flowering time (FT), respectively. BLAST search against the Glycine soja W05 reference genome was performed, 20 candidate genes were identified based on these 41 significant SNPs. One candidate gene, GsCID1 (Glysoja.04g010563), harbored two significant SNPs—AX-93713187, with a non-synonymous mutation, and AX-93713188, with a synonymous mutation. GsCID1 was highly expressed during seed development based on public information resources. The polymorphisms in this gene were associated with SW. We developed a derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) marker for GsCID1 that was highly associated with SW and was validated as a functional marker. In summary, the revealed SNPs/genes are useful for understanding the genetic architecture of yield-related traits in wild soybean, which could be used as a potential exotic resource to improve cultivated soybean yields.

中文翻译：

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通过野生大豆（Glycine soja Sieb. 和 Zucc.）跨多种环境的全基因组关联分析对产量相关性状进行遗传剖析


主要结论 共鉴定出 41 个 SNP 与多个环境中野生大豆群体的 5 个产量相关性状显着相关，并且发现候选基因 GsCID1 与种子重量相关。这些结果可能有助于栽培大豆的改良。 摘要作物相关野生物种包含用于作物改良的遗传多样性的新来源。野生大豆（Glycine soja Sieb. 和 Zucc.）是栽培大豆 [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 的祖先，可用作提高产量的重要遗传资源。在这项研究中，对 113 个野生大豆种质中的 96 个进行了全基因组关联研究 (GWAS)，其中 114,090 个单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)（次要等位基因频率≤ 0.05），在多个品种中鉴定出了与 5 种产量相关性状相关的 SNP。环境。总共有 41 个 SNP 与两种或多种环境中的性状显着相关（显着性阈值 P ≤ 8.76 × 10–6），其中检测到 29、7、3 和 2 个 SNP 与 100 粒种子重量 (SW)、成熟时间有关。分别是（MT）、每株种子产量（SY）和开花时间（FT）。对大豆 W05 参考基因组进行 BLAST 搜索，根据这 41 个显着 SNP 鉴定出 20 个候选基因。一个候选基因 GsCID1 (Glysoja.04g010563) 含有两个显着的 SNP：具有非同义突变的 AX-93713187 和具有同义突变的 AX-93713188。根据公共信息资源，GsCID1在种子发育过程中高表达。该基因的多态性与SW相关。我们为 GsCID1 开发了衍生的切割扩增多态序列 (dCAPS) 标记，该标记与 SW 高度相关，并被验证为功能标记。 总之，所揭示的 SNP/基因有助于了解野生大豆产量相关性状的遗传结构，可作为潜在的外来资源来提高栽培大豆产量。