OBJECTIVES In this clinical study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NAPP), which is a novel procedure used in periodontal pocket decontamination adjunctive to non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). METHODS The study included 25 systemically healthy periodontitis patients. In the split-mouth design, NAPP application into the pockets, in addition to NSPT, was performed. Clinical periodontal data, gingival crevicular fluid, and subgingival plaque samples of patients were taken before and during the first and third months of treatment. Biochemical assays were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analysis of bacteria was performed with polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS There was more clinical attachment level (CAL) gain in the 3rd month in the test group (deep pockets: 3.90 mm, pockets ≥ 5 mm: 2.72 mm) compared to the control group (deep pockets: 3.40 mm, pockets ≥ 5 mm: 2.58 mm) (p < 0.05), but no significant difference between groups in CAL. Clinical periodontal parameters improved in both study groups (p < 0.05). However, the gingival index (GI) and the bleeding on probing (BOP) rate decreased more in the test group (GI: 0.55, BOP: 9.48%, and GI: 0.38, BOP: 8.46% in the 1st and 3rd months, respectively) compared to the control group (GI: 0.68, BOP: 13.43%, and GI: 0.52, BOP: 14.58%) (p < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in probing depth and biochemical markers between groups (p > 0.05). It was observed that NAPP reduced the number of bacteria more than the control group in the 1st and 3rd months. CONCLUSIONS It was seen that the single-time NAPP application concurrent with NSPT provided additional CAL gain, elimination of putative periodontopathogens and reduced their recolonization. Longitudinal studies with larger population and longer time are required. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NSPT is an effective method for the treatment of periodontitis but bacteria recolonization that causes recurrence of the periodontal disease occurs within a short period. NAPP can reduce the recurrence of periodontal disease by providing better bacterial elimination and should, therefore, be used in maintenance of periodontitis.

中文翻译：

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非热大气压血浆治疗牙周炎的疗效评估：一项随机对照临床试验。

目的在本临床研究中，我们旨在评估非热性大气压血浆（NAPP）的有效性，这是一种用于非手术性牙周治疗（NSPT）的用于牙周袋净化的新型方法。方法该研究包括25名全身健康的牙周炎患者。在裂口设计中，除NSPT外，还进行了NAPP袋装。在治疗的第一个月和第三个月以及之前和期间，采集患者的临床牙周数据，龈沟液和龈下斑块样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定进行生化测定。用聚合酶链反应法进行细菌分析。结果测试组在第三个月的临床依恋水平（CAL）升高（深口袋：3.90毫米，与对照组相比，≥5 mm的袋：2.72 mm）（深袋：3.40 mm，≥5 mm的袋：2.58 mm）（p <0.05），但CAL组之间无显着差异。两个研究组的临床牙周参数均得到改善（p <0.05）。然而，在测试组中，牙龈指数（GI）和探查出血（BOP）率下降得更多（在第一个和第三个月，GI：0.55，BOP：9.48％，GI：0.38，BOP：8.46％ ）与对照组相比（GI：0.68，BOP：13.43％，GI：0.52，BOP：14.58％）（p <0.05）此外，两组之间的探查深度和生化标志物无显着差异（p> 0.05）。观察到在第1个月和第3个月，NAPP比对照组减少了更多细菌。结论可以看出，单次NAPP与NSPT并用提供了额外的CAL增益，消除了可能的牙周病原体，并减少了其重新定植。需要更多的人口和更长的时间的纵向研究。临床相关性NSPT是治疗牙周炎的有效方法，但引起牙周疾病复发的细菌重新定植在短时间内发生。NAPP可通过提供更好的细菌消除作用来减少牙周疾病的复发，因此应用于维持牙周炎。临床相关性NSPT是治疗牙周炎的有效方法，但引起牙周疾病复发的细菌重新定植在短时间内发生。NAPP可通过提供更好的细菌消除作用来减少牙周疾病的复发，因此应用于维持牙周炎。临床相关性NSPT是治疗牙周炎的有效方法，但引起牙周疾病复发的细菌重新定植在短时间内发生。NAPP可通过提供更好的细菌消除作用来减少牙周疾病的复发，因此应用于维持牙周炎。