Temporal aspects of ecosystem services have gained surprisingly little attention given that ecosystem service flows are not static but change over time. We present the first systematic review to describe and establish how studies have assessed temporal patterns in supply and demand of ecosystem services. 295 studies, 2% of all studies engaging with the ecosystem service concept, considered changes in ecosystem services over time. Changes were mainly characterised as monotonic and linear (81%), rather than non-linear or through system shocks. Further, a lack of focus of changing ecosystem service demand (rather than supply) hampers our understanding of the temporal patterns of ecosystem services provision and use. Future studies on changes in ecosystem services over time should (1) more explicitly study temporal patterns, (2) analyse trade-offs and synergies between services over time, and (3) integrate changes in supply and demand and involve and empower stakeholders in temporal ecosystem services research.

中文翻译：

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生态系统服务研究的时间模式：回顾和三项建议。

考虑到生态系统服务流量不是静态的而是随时间变化的，生态系统服务的时间方面几乎没有得到关注。我们提出了第一个系统评价来描述和确定研究如何评估生态系统服务供需的时间模式。295 项研究（占所有涉及生态系统服务概念的研究的 2%）考虑了生态系统服务随时间的变化。变化主要表现为单调和线性（81%），而不是非线性或通过系统冲击。此外，缺乏关注不断变化的生态系统服务需求（而不是供应）阻碍了我们对生态系统服务提供和使用的时间模式的理解。未来关于生态系统服务随时间变化的研究应该（1）更明确地研究时间模式，