The prokaryotic communities of water bodies contaminated by acid mine drainage from the São Domingos mining area in southern Portugal were analyzed using a meta-taxonomics approach with 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples were collected in two seasonal sampling campaigns (summer and winter of 2017) from the most contaminated sites from where the water flows downstream to the freshwater reservoir of the river Chança. The physicochemical data indicate a trend of decreasing acid mine drainage contamination downstream of the mining area to the Chança’s reservoir. The most contaminated sites (pH = 2.3–3.1) are distinguished by prokaryotic diversity with high abundances of operational taxonomics units related to acidophiles (genera Metallibacterium, Acidibacter, Leptospirillum, Acidobacterium, Thiomonas, Acidicapsa, Acidocella, Acidiphilium; family Acidobacteriaceae, order CPla-3 termite group). Likewise, in the transition zone in the mouth of the contaminated water flow into the Chança´s reservoir (pH = 6.4), a specific prokaryotic flora exists with some acidophiles, but notably with a cyanobacteria bloom and a high abundance of the genus Sediminibacterium (family I; order Subsection III). Moreover, the strong correlation between the abundance of acidophiles and characteristic physiochemical parameters (metals, acidity, and sulfate) confirm their potential as biomarkers of acid mine drainage pollution.

中文翻译：

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对葡萄牙南部圣多明各斯矿山酸性矿山排水影响的水体原核生物多样性的元分类学研究。

使用具有16S rRNA基因序列的元分类学方法，分析了葡萄牙南部圣多明各斯矿区受到酸性矿山排水污染的水体的原核生物群落。从两个受污染最严重的地点（从那里向下游流动水流到Chança河的淡水水库）通过两个季节性采样活动（2017年夏季和冬季）收集了样本。理化数据表明，矿山下游至昌察水库的酸性矿山排水污染减少的趋势。污染最严重的位点（pH = 2.3–3.1）的特征是原核生物多样性以及与嗜酸菌有关的大量操作分类学单位（属金属杆菌，酸性杆菌，钩端螺旋体，嗜酸杆菌，硫门氏菌，酸杆菌，酸球菌，嗜酸杆菌；嗜酸杆菌科，订购CPla-3白蚁组）。同样，在被污染的水流到昌卡（Chança）水库的入口过渡区（pH = 6.4）中，存在一种特定的原核菌群，其中带有一些嗜酸菌，但尤其是蓝藻水华和高分枝杆菌属（Sidiminibacterium）（家庭I；订购第III小节）。此外，嗜酸菌的丰度与特征性理化参数（金属，酸度和硫酸盐）之间的密切相关性证实了它们具有作为酸性矿山排水污染的生物标志物的潜力。