Although ecological flexibility has been well documented in fungi, it remains unclear how this flexibility can be exploited for pollutant degradation, especially in the Ascomycota phylum. In this work, we assess three mycostimulation amendments for their ability to induce degradation in Trichoderma harzanium, a model fungus previously isolated from a Superfund site contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The amendments used in the present study were selected based on the documented ecological roles of ascomycetes. Chitin was selected to simulate the parasitic ecological role while cellulose and wood were selected to mimic bulk soil and wood saprobic conditions, respectively. Each amendment was tested in liquid basal medium in 0.1 and 1% (w/v) suspensions. Both chitin and cellulose amendments were shown to promote anthracene degradation in T. harzanium with the 0.1% chitin amendment resulting in over 90% removal of anthracene. None of the targets monitored for gene expression were found to be upregulated suggesting alternate pathways may be used in T. harzanium. Overall, our data suggest that mycostimulation amendments can be improved by understanding the ecological roles of indigenous fungi. However, further research is needed to better estimate specific amendment requirements for a broader group of target fungi and follow up studies are needed to determine whether the trends observed herein translate to more realistic soil systems.

中文翻译：

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评估选择的碳修饰剂对超级富集部位富集的子囊菌菌株降解PAH的mycostimulation潜力。

尽管真菌已充分证明了生态灵活性，但仍不清楚如何利用这种灵活性来降解污染物，特别是在子囊门（Ascomycota phylum）中。在这项工作中，我们评估了三种mycostimulation修正，以诱导其降解木霉菌中的降解能力，一种先前从Superfund网站中被多环芳烃污染的分离的模型真菌。本研究中使用的修正是根据已记录的子囊藻的生态作用选择的。选择甲壳质来模拟寄生虫的生态作用，而分别选择纤维素和木材来模拟散装土壤和木材的厌氧条件。在液体基础培养基中的0.1和1％（w / v）悬浮液中测试每种修饰物。甲壳素和纤维素改性剂均显示出可促进T. hartanium中蒽的降解，其中0.1％甲壳质改性剂可导致90％以上的蒽去除。没有发现对基因表达进行监测的靶标上调，表明在T. harzanium中可能使用了替代途径。总体而言，我们的数据表明，通过了解土著真菌的生态作用，可以改善共同刺激的修正。然而，需要进一步的研究来更好地估计针对更广泛的目标真菌的具体改良要求，还需要进行后续研究以确定本文观察到的趋势是否转化为更现实的土壤系统。