Infants born small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity, persistent short stature, and metabolic alterations in later life. Moreover, the post-natal growth pattern of SGA infants may be an important contributor to health outcomes later in life, which can be influenced by adipokines. The aims of this study were to compare plasma adipokine profiles (leptin, adiponectin, vaspin, chemerin, and nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3)) among SGA newborns aged 3 months, with low, normal, or high catch-up, to search for potential differences between males and females and to analyze the evolution of several adipokines in plasma from SGA newborns between 3 and 24 months. This prospective, longitudinal study was addressed in SGA Caucasian subjects at Hospital Universitario de Álava-Txagorritxu. We observed that infants with fast catch-up showed significantly lower birth weight than the other two groups. As far as adipokines are concerned, they could have an influence on catch-up type because differences among the three experimental groups were found. It may be proposed that health prognoses in infants with slow and fast catch-up are opposite, not only in adulthood but also during their first months. Finally, adipokine evolution patterns during the first 24 months of age differ, depending on the adipokine, and 24-month-old males show lower levels of leptin, adiponectin, and omentin than females.

中文翻译：

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脂肪因子对胎龄婴儿的追赶生长类型有影响吗？

小于胎龄（SGA）出生的婴儿患围产期发病，持续矮小身高和以后代谢改变的风险增加。此外，SGA婴儿的产后生长方式可能是生命后期健康结局的重要因素，这可能受到脂肪因子的影响。这项研究的目的是比较3个月大，低，正常或高追赶性SGA新生儿的血浆脂肪因子谱（瘦素，脂联素，vaspin，chemerin和肾母细胞瘤过度表达（NOV / CCN3））。男女之间的潜在差异，并分析3至24个月内SGA新生儿血浆中几种脂肪因子的演变。这项前瞻性的纵向研究针对的是Álava-Txagorritxu大学医院的SGA白种人受试者。我们观察到，快速追赶的婴儿的出生体重明显低于其他两组。就脂肪因子而言，由于发现了三个实验组之间的差异，它们可能会对追赶类型产生影响。可能有人提出，追赶缓慢和快速的婴儿的健康预后是相反的，不仅在成年期，而且在婴儿的头几个月。最后，根据脂肪因子的不同，在最初的24个月内脂肪因子的进化模式也有所不同，而24个月大的男性的瘦素，脂联素和网膜蛋白的水平低于女性。可能有人提出，追赶缓慢和快速的婴儿的健康预后是相反的，不仅在成年期，而且在婴儿的头几个月。最后，根据脂肪因子的不同，在最初的24个月内脂肪因子的进化模式也有所不同，而24个月大的男性的瘦素，脂联素和网膜蛋白的水平低于女性。可能有人提出，追赶缓慢和快速的婴儿的健康预后是相反的，不仅在成年期，而且在婴儿的头几个月。最后，根据脂肪因子的不同，在最初的24个月内脂肪因子的进化模式也有所不同，而24个月大的男性的瘦素，脂联素和网膜蛋白的水平低于女性。