BACKGROUND Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging tissue ablation technique, which is safe for sites where thermal-basis techniques are not suitable. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic anchoring electrode (MAE)-assisted IRE for normal gastric tissue ablation in a rabbit model. METHODS IRE (500 V, 100 μs, 99 pulses, 1 Hz) of the gastric wall was performed in 24 adult New Zealand rabbits with a novel catheter-mounted MAE with fluoroscopy and a surgical approach. Procedure time, procedure-related bleeding, perforation, and other complications were recorded. Animals were sacrificed at 30 min, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days post-IRE. The stomach was removed en bloc, and the diameter of each lesion was measured. Histopathological analyses by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E), masson trichrome, alpha-smooth muscle action (α-SMA), and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) were performed. RESULTS Gastric tissue ablation with MAE-assisted IRE was successfully performed without any interruption. No perforation or bleeding was observed during IRE or throughout the follow-up period. A demarcated hemorrhage was found in the ablated area upon gross examination. H&E staining showed complete cell death with inflammatory infiltration, edema, and hemorrhaging. TUNEL presented diffuse positive cells in the ablated area. The tissue scaffold was well preserved without damage as indicated by Masson trichrome staining. Ulceration was observed starting from 3 days post-IRE. The mucosal layer was gradually recovered and regenerated within 14-28 days. No other complication was observed post-IRE. CONCLUSIONS MAE-assisted IRE is safe and effective for normal gastric tissue ablation and the gastric wall recovered in 14-28 days post-IRE.

中文翻译：

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磁性锚定电极辅助不可逆电穿孔治疗胃组织消融的安全性和有效性。

背景技术不可逆电穿孔（IRE）是一种新兴的组织消融技术，对于不适合使用热基础技术的部位而言是安全的。这项研究的目的是评估在兔模型中正常胃组织消融的磁性锚定电极（MAE）辅助IRE的安全性和有效性。方法对24只成年新西兰兔进行了IRE（500 V，100μs，99脉冲，1 Hz）的胃壁涂装，采用了新颖的荧光镜下MAE导管和手术方法。记录手术时间，与手术相关的出血，穿孔和其他并发症。在IRE后30分钟，1天，3天，7天，14天和28天处死动物。整体取出胃，并测量每个病变的直径。苏木-曙红（H＆E），马森三色，进行了α-平滑肌动作（α-SMA）和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的切口末端标记（TUNEL）。结果成功进行了MAE辅助IRE的胃组织消融治疗，无任何中断。在IRE期间或整个随访期间均未观察到穿孔或出血。大体检查发现在消融区域有明显的出血。H＆E染色显示细胞完全死亡，并伴有炎症浸润，水肿和出血。TUNEL在消融区域呈弥漫性阳性细胞。如Masson三色染色所示，组织支架保存完好，没有损坏。从IRE后3天开始观察到溃疡。粘膜层在14-28天内逐渐恢复并再生。IRE后未观察到其他并发症。