Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when the pelvic organs (bladder, bowel or uterus) herniate into the vagina, causing incontinence, voiding, bowel and sexual dysfunction, negatively impacting upon a woman's quality of life. POP affects 25% of all women and results from childbirth injury. For 19% of all women, surgical reconstructive surgery is required for treatment, often augmented with surgical mesh. The surgical treatment fails in up to 30% of cases or results in adverse effects, such as pain and mesh erosion into the bladder, bowel or vagina. Due to these complications the Food and Drug Administration cautioned against the use of vaginal mesh and several major brands have been recently been withdrawn from market. In this review we will discuss new cell-based approaches being developed for the treatment of POP. Several cell types have been investigated in animal models, including a new source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) derived from human endometrium. The unique characteristics of endometrial MSC, methods for their isolation and purification and steps towards their development for good manufacturing practice production will be described. Animal models that could be used to examine the potential for this approach will also be discussed as will a rodent model showing promise in developing an endometrial MSC-based therapy for POP. The development of a preclinical large animal model for assessing tissue engineering constructs for treating POP will also be mentioned.

中文翻译：

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子宫内膜间充质干细胞作为盆腔器官脱垂的细胞疗法。

当骨盆器官（膀胱，肠或子宫）突出进入阴道，导致尿失禁，排尿，肠和性功能障碍时，会发生骨盆器官脱垂（POP），对女性的生活质量产生负面影响。POP影响所有妇女的25％，其原因是分娩受伤。对于所有妇女中的19％，需要进行外科重建手术来治疗，通常会增加手术网格。在多达30％的病例中，外科手术失败或导致不良影响，例如疼痛和网眼侵蚀膀胱，肠或阴道。由于这些并发症，美国食品和药物管理局警告不要使用阴道网，并且最近已经撤出了几个主要品牌。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论正在开发的用于治疗POP的基于细胞的新方法。在动物模型中已经研究了几种细胞类型，包括源自人子宫内膜的间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）的新来源。将描述子宫内膜MSC的独特特征，其分离和纯化方法以及为良好生产规范生产而朝着其发展的步骤。还将讨论可用于检查这种方法潜力的动物模型，以及啮齿动物模型将显示出开发基于子宫内膜MSC的POP疗法的前景。也将提及用于评估用于治疗POP的组织工程构造的临床前大型动物模型的开发。将描述其分离和纯化的方法以及为良好生产规范生产而朝着其发展的步骤。还将讨论可用于检查这种方法潜力的动物模型，以及啮齿动物模型将显示出开发基于子宫内膜MSC的POP疗法的前景。也将提及用于评估用于治疗POP的组织工程构造的临床前大型动物模型的开发。将描述其分离和纯化的方法以及为良好生产规范生产而朝着其发展的步骤。还将讨论可用于检查这种方法潜力的动物模型，以及啮齿动物模型将显示出开发基于子宫内膜MSC的POP疗法的前景。也将提及用于评估用于治疗POP的组织工程构造的临床前大型动物模型的开发。