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Atmospheric mercury uptake and accumulation in forests dependent on climatic factors
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 , DOI: 10.1039/d3em00454f Yo Han Yang 1 , Min-Seob Kim 2 , Jaeseon Park 2 , Sae Yun Kwon 1
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 , DOI: 10.1039/d3em00454f Yo Han Yang 1 , Min-Seob Kim 2 , Jaeseon Park 2 , Sae Yun Kwon 1
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The environmental and climatic factors dictating atmospheric mercury (Hg) uptake by foliage and accumulation within the forest floor are evaluated across six mountain sites, South Korea, using Hg concentration and Hg stable isotope analyses. The isotope ratios of total gaseous Hg (TGM) at six mountains are explained by local anthropogenic Hg emission influence and partly by mountain elevation and wind speed. The extent to which TGM is taken up by foliage is not dependent on the site-specific TGM concentration, but by the local wind speed, which facilitates TGM passage through dense deciduous canopies in the Korean forests. This is depicted by the significant positive relationship between wind speed and foliage Hg concentration (r2 = 0.92, p < 0.05) and the magnitude of δ202Hg shift from TGM to foliage (r2 = 0.37, p > 0.05), associated with TGM uptake and oxidation by foliar tissues. The litter and topsoil Hg concentrations and isotope ratios reveal relationships with a wide range of factors, revealing lower Hg level and greater isotopic fractionation at sites with low elevation, high wind speed, and high mean warmest temperature. We attribute this phenomenon to active TGM re-emission from the forest floor at sites with high wind speed and high temperature, caused by turnover of labile organic matter and decomposition. In contrast to prior studies, we observe no significant effect of precipitation on forest Hg accumulation but precipitation appears to reduce foliage-level Hg uptake by scavenging atmospheric Hg species available for stomata uptake. The results of this study would enable better prediction of future atmospheric and forest Hg influence under climate change.
中文翻译：
森林中大气汞吸收和积累取决于气候因素
使用汞浓度和汞稳定同位素分析，对韩国六个山区的树叶吸收大气汞 (Hg) 和森林地面积累的环境和气候因素进行了评估。六座山脉的总气态汞（TGM）同位素比可以通过当地人为汞排放影响以及部分山脉海拔和风速来解释。 TGM 被树叶吸收的程度并不取决于特定地点的 TGM 浓度，而是取决于当地的风速，风速有利于 TGM 通过韩国森林中茂密的落叶树冠。这可以通过风速和叶子 Hg 浓度 ( r 2 = 0.92, p < 0.05) 以及从 TGM 到叶子的 δ 202 Hg 移动幅度 ( r 2 = 0.37, p > 0.05) 之间的显着正相关关系来描述，与TGM 被叶组织吸收和氧化。凋落物和表土汞浓度和同位素比率揭示了与多种因素的关系，揭示了低海拔、高风速和高平均最热温度地点的汞含量较低和同位素分馏较多。我们将这种现象归因于高风速和高温地点的森林地面活跃的 TGM 再排放，这是由不稳定有机物的周转和分解引起的。与之前的研究相比，我们观察到降水对森林汞积累没有显着影响，但降水似乎通过清除大气中可供气孔吸收的汞物种来减少叶子水平的汞吸收。 这项研究的结果将有助于更好地预测气候变化下未来大气和森林汞的影响。
更新日期：2024-01-30
中文翻译：
森林中大气汞吸收和积累取决于气候因素
使用汞浓度和汞稳定同位素分析，对韩国六个山区的树叶吸收大气汞 (Hg) 和森林地面积累的环境和气候因素进行了评估。六座山脉的总气态汞（TGM）同位素比可以通过当地人为汞排放影响以及部分山脉海拔和风速来解释。 TGM 被树叶吸收的程度并不取决于特定地点的 TGM 浓度，而是取决于当地的风速，风速有利于 TGM 通过韩国森林中茂密的落叶树冠。这可以通过风速和叶子 Hg 浓度 ( r 2 = 0.92, p < 0.05) 以及从 TGM 到叶子的 δ 202 Hg 移动幅度 ( r 2 = 0.37, p > 0.05) 之间的显着正相关关系来描述，与TGM 被叶组织吸收和氧化。凋落物和表土汞浓度和同位素比率揭示了与多种因素的关系，揭示了低海拔、高风速和高平均最热温度地点的汞含量较低和同位素分馏较多。我们将这种现象归因于高风速和高温地点的森林地面活跃的 TGM 再排放，这是由不稳定有机物的周转和分解引起的。与之前的研究相比，我们观察到降水对森林汞积累没有显着影响，但降水似乎通过清除大气中可供气孔吸收的汞物种来减少叶子水平的汞吸收。 这项研究的结果将有助于更好地预测气候变化下未来大气和森林汞的影响。
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