RSC主编推荐：能源领域精彩文章快览（免费阅读原文）

英国皇家化学会（RSC）是一个拥有175年历史的面向全球化学家的非营利会员制机构，旗下拥有43种期刊，其中很多在化学领域有很高影响力。为了进一步帮助广大读者追踪科技前沿热点，X-MOL团队与英国皇家化学会合作，推出英国皇家化学会期刊主编推荐的精彩文章快览，本期文章属“能源领域”，英文点评来自英国皇家化学会期刊的主编。如果大家对我们的解读有更多的补充和点评，欢迎在文末写评论发表您的高见！

Chemical Science (IF: 9.144)

1. One-Dimensional Porous Carbon-Supported Ni/Mo₂C Dual Catalyst for Efficient Water Splitting

Chem. Sci., 2017, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C6SC03356C

Scientists from the Hefei Science Center of CAS have developed a new porous carbon-supported Ni/Mo₂C (Ni/Mo₂C-PC) composite catalyst derived by thermal treatment of nickel molybdate nanorods coated with polydopamine. This catalyst affords low onset potentials of -60 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction and 270 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction for overall water splitting – an improvement on most Ni- and Mo-based catalysts.

通过热处理涂有聚多巴胺的钼酸镍纳米棒，来自中国科技大学的俞书宏教授研究团队开发出一种新的多孔碳负载的Ni/Mo₂C（Ni/Mo₂C-PC）复合催化剂。这种催化剂可在完全分解水过程中实现析氢反应和析氧反应的低起始电位，分别为-60 mV和270 mV，与大多数镍基和钼基催化剂相比，这是一个重要的进步。

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2. Molecular engineering of Ni–/Co–porphyrin multilayers on reduced graphene oxide sheets as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions

Chem. Sci., 2016, 7, 5640-5646

DOI: 10.1039/C6SC02083F

Scientists from China and Australia have developed Ni– and Co–porphyrin multilayers on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets as novel bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), highlighting the potential for the fabrication of efficient electrocatalysts via molecular design.

来自中国和澳大利亚的科学家开发了一种催化析氧反应和氧还原反应的新型双功能催化剂，这种催化剂包括还原氧化石墨烯片层以及其上的多层镍-卟啉和钴-卟啉。这充分说明了分子设计在制备高效电催化剂方面有很大潜力。

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Energy & Environmental Science (IF: 25.427)

1. Efficient electricity storage with the battolyser, an integrated Ni-Fe battery and electrolyser  

Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C6EE02923J

A novel integrated battery-electrolyser (‘battolyser’) that efficiently stores electricity as a nickel–iron battery and can split water into hydrogen and oxygen as an alkaline electrolyser.

The battolyser may enable efficient and robust short-term electricity storage and long-term electricity storage through production of hydrogen as a fuel and feedstock within a single, scalable, abundant element based device.

本文介绍了一种新型的集成式电池-电解器（“电池解器”），即能够作为镍-铁电池来高效储存电能，也可以作为碱性电解器来分解水为氢气和氧气。这种电池解器利用可放大、基于丰富元素的单一装置来生产可作为燃料及原料的氢气，从而实现高效的短期及长期电能储存。

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2. Modelling the morphology and thermomechanical behaviour of low-bandgap conjugated polymers and bulk heterojunction films

Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C6EE03456J

This paper describes the use of molecular dynamics (MD) to predict the nanoscale morphology and thermomechanical behavior of three low-bandgap semiconducting polymers and their blends with PC71BM.

The results of this study suggest the promise of MD simulations in determining the ways in which molecular structure influences the morphology and mechanical properties of bulk heterojunction films for solar cells and other organic electronic devices.

本论文介绍了利用分子动力学的方法来预测三种低带隙半导体聚合物以及它们与PC71BM共混物的纳米尺寸形貌和热力学行为。结果表明，在确定分子结构对于太阳能电池和其他有机电子器件的体异质结薄膜的形貌和力学性能的影响方面，分子动力学模拟有很好的应用前景。

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3. Indirect to direct bandgap transition in methylammonium lead halide perovskite

Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C6EE03474H

Methylammonium lead iodide perovskites are considered direct bandgap semiconductors. Here we show that in fact they present a weakly indirect bandgap 60 meV below the direct bandgap transition.

Pressure-induced change experiments suggest epitaxial and synthetic routes to higher efficiency optoelectronic devices.

甲铵碘化铅钙钛矿被认为是直接带隙半导体材料。这篇论文中作者们证明实际上该材料在直接带隙跃迁以下表现出一个60 meV的弱间接带隙。压力诱导的变化实验表明一些晶体外延和合成的方法可用于获得更高效的光电器件。

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4. Biomimic electron transport via multiredox shuttles from photosystem II to photoelectrochemical cell for solar water splitting

Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C6EE03401B

A CdS–PSII hybrid photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell is proposed for overall water splitting, where PSII and the CdS-based PEC cell are connected by an ordered multi-step electron transfer pathway comprising two redox shuttles quinone/hydroquinone and ferricyanide/ferrocyanide coupled by a graphite-based galvanic cell.

This work may inspire new approaches to achieve Z-scheme water splitting in the field of artificial photosynthesis.

自然光合作用是转化太阳能到化学能的典范，其科学原理可以启发人工光合成体系的发展。利用太阳能进行人工光合成分解水制氢是科学界最具有挑战性的课题之一。来自中科院大连化物所的李灿研究员团队从自然光系统PSII和PSI之间电子传递链的原理获得启发，在自然-人工杂化太阳能光合体系中引入了两对氧化还原电对，并借鉴液体电池的原理，成功构筑了自然体系和人工光阳极之间有效的电子传递链，实现了太阳光驱动完全分解水。合理设计杂化光电池从CdS到PSII的叠层太阳能吸收，避免了PSII在短波长下的光破坏，提高了太阳能吸收效率。在AM-1.5G 模拟太阳光下取得了0.34%的太阳能到氢能转化效率，H2和O2自然分离。该研究为构建高效人工光合成分解水体系提供了的新的思路。

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5. Interpretation of inverted photocurrent transients in organic lead halide perovskite solar cells; proof of the field screening by mobile ions and determination of the space charge layer widths

Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, 10, 192-204

DOI: 10.1039/C6EE02914K

In Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide (MAPI) perovskite solar cells, screening of the built-in field by mobile ions has been proposed as part of the cause of the large hysteresis observed in the current/voltage scans in many cells. We show that photocurrent transients measured immediately (e.g. 100 μs) after a voltage step can provide direct evidence that this field screening exists. Using a new photocurrent transient experiment, we show that the space charge layer thickness remains approximately constant as a function of bias, as expected for mobile ions in a solid electrolyte. We also discuss additional characteristics of the inverted photocurrent transients that imply either an unusually stable deep trapping, or a photo effect on the mobile ion conductivity.

不少甲铵碘化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池在电流/电压扫描中会出现迟滞效应，而移动离子所致的内建电场屏蔽被认为是原因之一。本文作者们在电压阶跃之后立即（100 μs）测量到了光电流瞬变，这可作为直接证据证明电场屏蔽的存在。同时新的光电流瞬变实验表明，作为偏压函数的空间电荷层厚度保持近似恒定，这与对固体电解质中移动离子的预期一致。作者们还讨论了反向光电流瞬变的额外特性，或意味着异常稳定的深度捕获，或意味着对移动离子电导率的光效应。

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