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An Antigenic Atlas of HIV-1 Escape from Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Distinguishes Functional and Structural Epitopes.
Immunity ( IF 25.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.12.017
Adam S Dingens 1 , Dana Arenz 2 , Haidyn Weight 2 , Julie Overbaugh 2 , Jesse D Bloom 3
Affiliation  

Anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have revealed vaccine targets on the virus's envelope (Env) protein and are themselves promising immunotherapies. The efficacy of bnAb-based therapies and vaccines depends in part on how readily the virus can escape neutralization. Although structural studies can define contacts between bnAbs and Env, only functional studies can define mutations that confer escape. Here, we mapped how all possible single amino acid mutations in Env affect neutralization of HIV by nine bnAbs targeting five epitopes. For most bnAbs, mutations at only a small fraction of structurally defined contact sites mediated escape, and most escape occurred at sites near, but not in direct contact with, the antibody. The Env mutations selected by two pooled bnAbs were similar to those expected from the combination of the bnAbs's independent action. Overall, our mutation-level antigenic atlas provides a comprehensive dataset for understanding viral immune escape and refining therapies and vaccines.

中文翻译:


HIV-1 从广泛中和抗体中逃逸的抗原图谱区分了功能表位和结构表位。



抗 HIV 广泛中和抗体 (bnAb) 已揭示了病毒包膜 (Env) 蛋白上的疫苗靶点,并且其本身就是有前途的免疫疗法。基于 bnAb 的疗法和疫苗的功效部分取决于病毒逃脱中和作用的容易程度。尽管结构研究可以定义 bnAb 和 Env 之间的接触,但只有功能研究才能定义导致逃逸的突变。在这里,我们绘制了 Env 中所有可能的单氨基酸突变如何影响针对 5 个表位的 9 种 bnAb 中和 HIV 的效果。对于大多数bnAb来说,只有一小部分结构确定的接触位点的突变介导了逃逸,并且大多数逃逸发生在抗体附近但不直接接触的位点。由两个合并的 bnAb 选择的 Env 突变与 bnAb 独立作用组合所预期的突变相似。总体而言,我们的突变水平抗原图谱为了解病毒免疫逃逸以及改进疗法和疫苗提供了全面的数据集。
更新日期:2019-01-29
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