Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PMC) is defined as papillary thyroid carcinoma ≤10 mm. Active surveillance of PMC without high-risk features, such as clinical node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical evidence of significant extrathyroid extension, was initiated in two Japanese hospitals in the mid-1990s. This strategy was incorporated into guidelines in Japan in 2010 and in the United States in 2015. In studies conducted by the two hospitals, most PMCs grew very slowly or did not grow, and none of the patients during active surveillance showed distant metastasis or died of thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, none of the patients who underwent surgery after progression signs were detected showed significant recurrence. Therefore, we conclude that active surveillance should be the first line in management of low-risk PMC, because it is safer and less costly than immediate surgery. Active surveillance helps in avoiding adverse events of surgery and is an economical strategy.

中文翻译：

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主动监测作为乳头状微癌的一线治疗。

甲状腺乳头状微癌（PMC）定义为≤10mm的甲状腺乳头状癌。1990年代中期，两家日本医院开始主动监测PMC，但无高风险特征，例如临床结节转移，远处转移以及甲状旁腺癌明显扩展的临床证据。这项策略已在2010年的日本和2015年的美国纳入指南。在两家医院进行的研究中，大多数PMC的生长非常缓慢或没有增长，并且在主动监测期间没有患者表现出远处转移或死亡。甲状腺癌。此外，没有发现进展迹象后接受手术的患者显示出明显的复发。因此，我们得出结论，主动监视应成为管理低风险PMC的第一线，因为它比立即手术更安全，成本更低。主动监视有助于避免手术的不良事件，并且是一种经济的策略。