Abstract Public attitudes are important in shaping wildlife management decisions. However, publics are not homogeneous, and conflicting perceptions and attitudes often create barriers to achieving conservation outcomes. Here we use a social identity approach to analyze public acceptance of different options for managing four animals in Australia (kangaroos, wild horses, dingoes, and red foxes). We conducted an online survey (N = 793) of adult residents of Australia. Analyses indicate 11.4% of respondents strongly identified as animal rights activists, 19.0% as wildlife conservationists, and 19.2% as farmers. Using the Potential for Conflict Index and permutational multivariate analysis of variance, we found that on average, all identity groups supported nonlethal management for all species and reintroduction or maintenance of dingoes to suppress kangaroos and red foxes. All identity groups except farmers were generally unsupportive of lethal control, but there was less consensus among responses within groups compared with support for nonlethal methods. Results suggest that policies which prioritize nonlethal management over lethal control (where effective) will be less controversial than those that use lethal management. Likewise, incorporating predator conservation into ecosystem restoration seems well supported across constituencies typically interested in wildlife conservation.

中文翻译：

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社会认同塑造对野生动物和害虫管理的支持

摘要 公众态度在塑造野生动物管理决策方面很重要。然而，公众并不是同质的，相互冲突的观念和态度往往对实现保护成果造成障碍。在这里，我们使用社会认同方法来分析公众对澳大利亚管理四种动物（袋鼠、野马、野狗和赤狐）的不同选择的接受程度。我们对澳大利亚的成年居民进行了在线调查 (N = 793)。分析表明，11.4% 的受访者强烈认为自己是动物权利活动家，19.0% 是野生动物保护主义者，19.2% 是农民。使用潜在冲突指数和置换多元方差分析，我们发现平均而言，所有身份团体都支持对所有物种进行非致命管理，并重新引入或维持野狗以压制袋鼠和赤狐。除农民外的所有身份群体普遍不支持致命控制，但与支持非致命方法相比，群体内的反应共识较少。结果表明，将非致命管理优先于致命控制（如果有效）的政策与使用致命管理的政策相比争议较小。同样，将捕食者保护纳入生态系统恢复似乎得到了通常对野生动物保护感兴趣的选区的支持。但与对非致命方法的支持相比，小组内的反应之间的共识较少。结果表明，将非致命管理优先于致命控制（如果有效）的政策与使用致命管理的政策相比争议较小。同样，将捕食者保护纳入生态系统恢复似乎得到了通常对野生动物保护感兴趣的选区的支持。但与对非致命方法的支持相比，小组内的反应之间的共识较少。结果表明，将非致命管理优先于致命控制（如果有效）的政策与使用致命管理的政策相比争议较小。同样，将捕食者保护纳入生态系统恢复似乎得到了通常对野生动物保护感兴趣的选区的支持。