The effect of different sources of fish and camelina sativa oil on immune cell and adipose tissue mRNA expression in subjects with abnormal fasting glucose metabolism: a randomized controlled trial.,Nutrition & Diabetes

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The effect of different sources of fish and camelina sativa oil on immune cell and adipose tissue mRNA expression in subjects with abnormal fasting glucose metabolism: a randomized controlled trial.
Nutrition & Diabetes ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-09 , DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0069-2
Vanessa D de Mello ₁ , Ingrid Dahlman ₂ , Maria Lankinen ₁ , Sudhir Kurl ₁ , Leena Pitkänen _{3,

4} , David E Laaksonen _{5,

6} , Ursula S Schwab _{1,

5} , Arja T Erkkilä ₁

Affiliation

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Molecular mechanisms linking fish and vegetable oil intakes to their healthy metabolic effects may involve attenuation of inflammation. Our primary aim was to examine in a randomized controlled setting whether diets enriched in fatty fish (FF), lean fish (LF) or ALA-rich camelina sativa oil (CSO) differ in their effects on the mRNA expression response of selected inflammation-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. SUBJECTS/METHODS Samples from 72 participants randomized to one of the following 12-week intervention groups, FF (n = 19), LF (n = 19), CSO (n = 17) or a control group (n = 17), were available for the PBMC study. For SAT, 39 samples (n = 8, n = 10, n = 9, n = 12, respectively) were available. The mRNA expression was measured at baseline and 12 weeks by TaqMan® Low Density Array. RESULTS In PBMCs, LF decreased ICAM1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), which was different (P = 0.06, Bonferroni correction) from the observed increase in the FF group (P < 0.05). Also, compared to the control group, LF decreased ICAM1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, the change in ICAM1 mRNA expression correlated positively with the intake of FF (P < 0.05) and negatively with the intake of LF (P < 0.05), independently of study group. A diet enriched in CSO, a rich source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), decreased PBMC IFNG mRNA expression (P < 0.01). The intake of CSO in the CSO group, but not the increase in plasma ALA proportions, correlated inversely with the IFNG mRNA expression in PBMCs (P = 0.08). In SAT, when compared with the control group, the effect of FF on decreasing IL1RN mRNA expression was significant (P < 0.03). CONCLUSION We propose that CSO intake may partly exert its benefits through immuno-inflammatory molecular regulation in PBMCs, while modulation of ICAM1 expression, an endothelial/vascular-related gene, may be more dependent on the type of fish consumed.

中文翻译：

空腹葡萄糖代谢异常的受试者中鱼和山茶油的不同来源对免疫细胞和脂肪组织mRNA表达的影响：一项随机对照试验。

背景/目的将鱼和植物油的摄入与其健康代谢作用联系起来的分子机制可能涉及炎症的减轻。我们的主要目的是在随机对照的条件下检查富含脂肪鱼（FF），瘦鱼（LF）或富含ALA的山茶油（CSO）的饮食对所选炎症相关的mRNA表达反应的影响是否不同空腹血糖受损的受试者外周血单核细胞（PBMC）和皮下脂肪组织（SAT）中的基因受试者/方法来自72名参与者的样本随机分为以下12周干预组之一：FF（n = 19），LF（n = 19），CSO（n = 17）或对照组（n = 17）。可用于PBMC研究。对于SAT，有39个样本（分别为n = 8，n = 10，n = 9，n = 12）。通过低密度阵列在基线和第12周测量mRNA表达。结果在PBMC中，LF降低了ICAM1 mRNA的表达（P <0.05），与FF组中观察到的升高有所不同（P = 0.06，Bonferroni校正）（P <0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，LF降低了ICAM1 mRNA表达（P <0.05）。此外，独立于研究组，ICAM1 mRNA表达的变化与FF的摄入量呈正相关（P <0.05），与LF的摄入量呈负相关（P <0.05）。富含CSO，丰富的α-亚麻酸（ALA）的饮食可降低PBMC IFNG mRNA表达（P <0.01）。CSO组中CSO的摄入量与血浆ALA比例的增加无关，而与PBMC中IFNG mRNA的表达呈负相关（P = 0.08）。在SAT中与对照组相比，FF对IL1RN mRNA表达降低的影响是显着的（P <0.03）。结论我们认为，CSO的摄入可能通过PBMC中的免疫炎症分子调节部分发挥其作用，而调节ICAM1表达（一种内皮/血管相关基因）可能更多地取决于所食用鱼类的类型。

更新日期：2019-01-09

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