Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by t(15;17) and a life-threatening coagulopathy. Once highly fatal, nowadays standard treatment approaches with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) along with chemotherapy allows curing up to 80–85% of cases. In the past decade, arsenic trioxide used alone or in combination with ATRA has demonstrated high efficacy in APL, and is currently regarded as the gold standard for treatment of relapsed cases. Chemotherapy-free approaches based on the combination of arsenic trioxide and ATRA are currently being tested against standard ATRA and chemotherapy in randomized clinical trials for frontline therapy of APL.

急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL) 是急性髓细胞白血病的一种亚型，其特征是 t(15;17) 和危及生命的凝血病。曾经高度致命的，如今使用全反式维甲酸 (ATRA) 和化学疗法的标准治疗方法可以治愈多达 80-85% 的病例。在过去的十年中，三氧化二砷单独使用或与 ATRA 联合使用在 APL 中显示出很高的疗效，目前被认为是治疗复发病例的金标准。基于三氧化二砷和 ATRA 组合的无化疗方法目前正在 APL 一线治疗的随机临床试验中针对标准 ATRA 和化疗进行测试。