Despite the exciting progress on power conversion efficiencies, the commercialization of the emerging lead (Pb) halide perovskite solar cell technology still faces significant challenges, one of which is the inclusion of toxic Pb. Searching for Pb-free perovskite solar cell absorbers is currently an attractive research direction. The approaches used for and the consequences of Pb replacement are reviewed herein. Reviews on the theoretical understanding of the electronic, optical, and defect properties of Pb and Pb-free halide perovskites and perovskite derivatives are provided, as well as the experimental results available in the literature. The theoretical understanding explains well why Pb halide perovskites exhibit superior photovoltaic properties, but Pb-free perovskites and perovskite derivatives do not.

中文翻译：

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从卤化铅钙钛矿到无铅金属卤化物钙钛矿和钙钛矿衍生物。

尽管在功率转换效率上取得了令人兴奋的进步，但是新兴的卤化钙钛矿型铅（Pb）太阳能电池技术的商业化仍然面临重大挑战，其中之一就是要添加有毒的Pb。寻找无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池吸收剂是当前有吸引力的研究方向。本文回顾了用于铅替代的方法及其后果。提供了对Pb和无铅卤化物钙钛矿和钙钛矿衍生物的电子，光学和缺陷性质的理论理解的综述，以及文献中提供的实验结果。理论上的理解很好地解释了为何卤化铅钙钛矿具有优异的光电性能，而无铅钙钛矿和钙钛矿衍生物却没有。