Evidence indicates that diet, nutrition, lifestyle, the environment, the microbiome, and other exogenous factors have pathogenic roles and also influence the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of tumor and nonneoplastic cells, including immune cells. With the need for big-data research, pathology must transform to integrate data science fields, including epidemiology, biostatistics, and bioinformatics. The research framework of molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) demonstrates the strengths of such an interdisciplinary integration, having been used to study breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers. The MPE research paradigm not only can provide novel insights into interactions among environment, tumor, and host but also opens new research frontiers. New developments-such as computational digital pathology, systems biology, artificial intelligence, and in vivo pathology technologies-will further transform pathology and MPE. Although it is necessary to address the rarity of transdisciplinary education and training programs, MPE provides an exemplary model of integrative scientific approaches and contributes to advancements in precision medicine, therapy, and prevention.

中文翻译：

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在分子病理学和流行病学的十字路口深入了解环境、宿主和肿瘤之间的致病相互作用。

有证据表明，饮食、营养、生活方式、环境、微生物组和其他外源因素具有致病作用，并且还影响肿瘤和非肿瘤细胞（包括免疫细胞）的基因组、表观基因组、转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组。由于大数据研究的需要，病理学必须转型以整合数据科学领域，包括流行病学、生物统计学和生物信息学。分子病理流行病学（MPE）的研究框架展示了这种跨学科整合的优势，已被用于研究乳腺癌、肺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌。MPE研究范式不仅可以为环境、肿瘤和宿主之间的相互作用提供新的见解，而且开辟了新的研究前沿。计算数字病理学、系统生物学、人工智能和体内病理学技术等新发展将进一步改变病理学和 MPE。虽然有必要解决跨学科教育和培训项目的稀缺问题，但 MPE 提供了综合科学方法的典范模型，并为精准医学、治疗和预防的进步做出了贡献。