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Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-24 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37040-5 Thomas A Stewart 1 , Melvin M Bonilla 1 , Robert K Ho 1 , Melina E Hale 1
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-24 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37040-5 Thomas A Stewart 1 , Melvin M Bonilla 1 , Robert K Ho 1 , Melina E Hale 1
Affiliation
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The dorsal, anal and caudal fins of vertebrates are proposed to have originated by the partitioning and transformation of the continuous median fin fold that is plesiomorphic to chordates. Evaluating this hypothesis has been challenging, because it is unclear how the median fin fold relates to the adult median fins of vertebrates. To understand how new median fins originate, here we study the development and diversity of adipose fins. Phylogenetic mapping shows that in all lineages except Characoidei (Characiformes) adipose fins develop from a domain of the larval median fin fold. To inform how the larva’s median fin fold contributes to the adipose fin, we study Corydoras aeneus (Siluriformes). As the fin fold reduces around the prospective site of the adipose fin, a fin spine develops in the fold, growing both proximally and distally, and sensory innervation, which appears to originate from the recurrent ramus of the facial nerve and from dorsal rami of the spinal cord, develops in the adipose fin membrane. Collectively, these data show how a plesiomorphic median fin fold can serve as scaffolding for the evolution and development of novel, individuated median fins, consistent with the median fin fold hypothesis.
中文翻译：
脂肪鳍的发育及其与中鳍进化起源的关系。
脊椎动物的背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍被认为起源于与脊索动物相似的连续中鳍褶的划分和转化。评估这一假设具有挑战性，因为尚不清楚中鳍褶皱与脊椎动物成年中鳍的关系。为了了解新的中鳍是如何起源的，我们在这里研究脂肪鳍的发育和多样性。系统发育图显示，除了 Characoidei (Characiformes) 之外的所有谱系中，脂肪鳍都是从幼虫中鳍折叠的区域发育而来。为了了解幼虫的中鳍褶如何形成脂肪鳍，我们研究了Corydoras aeneus（鲶形目）。随着脂肪鳍预期部位周围的鳍褶减少，鳍棘在褶皱中发育，向近端和远端生长，以及感觉神经支配，这似乎起源于面神经的返支和面神经的背支脊髓，在脂肪鳍膜中发育。总的来说，这些数据显示了拟形中鳍折叠如何充当新型、个性化中鳍进化和发展的支架，这与中鳍折叠假说一致。
更新日期：2019-01-24
中文翻译：
脂肪鳍的发育及其与中鳍进化起源的关系。
脊椎动物的背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍被认为起源于与脊索动物相似的连续中鳍褶的划分和转化。评估这一假设具有挑战性，因为尚不清楚中鳍褶皱与脊椎动物成年中鳍的关系。为了了解新的中鳍是如何起源的，我们在这里研究脂肪鳍的发育和多样性。系统发育图显示，除了 Characoidei (Characiformes) 之外的所有谱系中，脂肪鳍都是从幼虫中鳍折叠的区域发育而来。为了了解幼虫的中鳍褶如何形成脂肪鳍，我们研究了Corydoras aeneus（鲶形目）。随着脂肪鳍预期部位周围的鳍褶减少，鳍棘在褶皱中发育，向近端和远端生长，以及感觉神经支配，这似乎起源于面神经的返支和面神经的背支脊髓，在脂肪鳍膜中发育。总的来说，这些数据显示了拟形中鳍折叠如何充当新型、个性化中鳍进化和发展的支架，这与中鳍折叠假说一致。
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