The preparation of carbon materials usually involves the decomposition of precursors and the reorganization of the as‐generated fragments. However, the cleavage of bonds and the simultaneous formation of new bonds at nearly the same positions prevents effective yet precise fabrication. Herein, a supramolecular precursor, cucurbit[6]uril, that contains multiple bonds with distinct bond strengths is proposed to decouple the twin problem of simultaneous bond cleavage and formation, allowing multistage transformations to hierarchical porous carbon and metal‐doped carbon in a single yet effective pyrolysis step without the need of a template or additional purification. As a proof‐of‐concept, the Fe‐doped carbon electrocatalysts realized a Pt/C‐like half‐wave potential of 0.869 V vs. RHE and small Tafel slope of 51.3 mV dec⁻¹ in oxygen reduction reaction.

中文翻译：

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从超分子物种到用于氧还原反应催化剂的自模板多孔碳和金属掺杂碳

碳材料的制备通常涉及前体的分解和生成片段的重组。然而，键的断裂和在几乎相同位置上同时形成新键阻碍了有效而精确的制造。在此，提出了一种超分子前体葫芦[6]尿素，其包含具有不同键强度的多个键，以解开同时键裂解和形成的孪生问题，从而允许在一个单一的时间内将多级转化为分级多孔碳和掺杂金属的碳有效的热解步骤，无需模板或额外纯化。作为概念验证，掺杂铁的碳电催化剂实现了相对于RHE的0.869 V的Pt / C型半波电势和51.3 mV dec ^-1的小Tafel斜率 在氧气还原反应中。