Forests of the Americas and the Caribbean are undergoing rapid change as human populations increase and land use intensifies. We applied the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems (RLE) criteria and simple cost‐efficiency analyses to provide the first regional perspective on patterns of relative risk integrated across multiple threats. Based on six indicators of ecosystem distribution and function, we find that 80% of the forest types and 85% of the current forest area is potentially threatened based on RLE criteria. Twelve forest types are Critically Endangered due to past or projected future deforestation, and Tropical Dry Forests and Woodland have highest threat scores. To efficiently reduce risks to forest ecosystems at national levels, scenario analyses show that countries would need to combine large forest protection measures with focused actions, tailored to their sociopolitical context, to help restore ecological functions in a selection of threatened forest types.

中文翻译：

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美洲温带和热带森林的生态系统风险评估，以及对未来保护战略的展望

随着人口的增加和土地利用的加剧，美洲和加勒比地区的森林正在发生快速变化。我们应用了IUCN生态系统红色清单（RLE）标准和简单的成本效益分析，从而提供了跨区域跨多种威胁的相对风险模式的第一个区域视角。基于生态系统分布和功能的六个指标，我们发现，根据RLE标准，80％的森林类型和85％的当前森林面积可能受到威胁。由于过去或预期的未来森林砍伐，十二种森林类型均处于极度濒危状态，热带干旱森林和林地的威胁评分最高。为了在国家一级有效减少对森林生态系统的风险，情景分析表明，各国需要将大型森林保护措施与重点行动相结合，