Abstract Transparent ceramics are a kind of optical materials which have a wide range of applications in various engineering sectors, including the medical devices (implants, anti-wear coatings), cars, smartphones (anti-wear and shockproof plates), watches (anti-wear and anti-shock lenses with high strength), optical lenses, etc. Control of various parameters like the volume fraction of secondary phase, the grain size of the main and secondary phase, and the number of pores in unit volume, which affect the absorption, reflection and finally the transparency of ceramics, is a vital issue. Studying the physical aspects besides applying the principles of simulation is a very efficient way to achieve this aim. Simulation of the behavior of ceramics helps to attain optimized parameters. Therefore, to accomplish an optical ceramic with prominent transparency and admissible transmittance in selective wavelengths, the appropriate simulation theory should be used. In this paper, first, the physical basis of optical ceramics including band gaps, absorption, reflection, diffraction, refractive index, refraction, dispersion, etc., are briefly presented. Additionally, different simulation theories are reviewed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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透明陶瓷的结构-透过率关系

摘要 透明陶瓷是一种光学材料，在医疗器械（植入物、抗磨损涂层）、汽车、智能手机（抗磨损和防震板）、手表（防高强度耐磨防震镜片）、光学镜片等。控制二次相体积分数、主二次相晶粒尺寸、单位体积气孔数等各种参数，影响陶瓷的吸收、反射以及最终的透明度是一个至关重要的问题。除了应用模拟原理之外，研究物理方面是实现这一目标的一种非常有效的方法。陶瓷行为的模拟有助于获得优化的参数。所以，为了实现在选择性波长下具有显着透明度和允许透射率的光学陶瓷，应使用适当的模拟理论。本文首先简要介绍了光学陶瓷的物理基础，包括带隙、吸收、反射、衍射、折射率、折射、色散等。此外，还回顾和讨论了不同的模拟理论。