In this study, we report on the assessment of elevation-dependent warming processes in the Andean region between 7 °S and 20 °S, using Land Surface Temperature (LST). Remotely sensed LST data were obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor in an 8-day composite, at a 1 km resolution, and from 2000 to 2017 during austral winter (June-July-August, JJA). We analysed the relation between mean monthly daytime LST and mean monthly maximum air temperature. This relation is analysed for different types of coverage, obtaining a significant correlation that varies from 0.57 to 0.82 (p < 0.01). However, effects of change in land cover were ruled out by a previous comparative assessment of trends in daytime LST and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The distribution of the winter daytime LST trend was found to be increasing in most areas, while decreasing in only a few areas. This trend shows that winter daytime LST is increasing at an average rate of 1.0 °C/decade. We also found that the winter daytime LST trend has a clear dependence on elevation, with strongest warming effects at higher elevations: 0.50 °C/decade at 1000–1500 masl, and 1.7 °C/decade above 5000 masl. However, the winter nighttime LST trend shows a steady increase with altitude increase. The dependence of rising temperature trends on elevation could have severe implications for water resources and high Andean ecosystems.

在这项研究中，我们报告了使用陆地表面温度（LST）对安第斯地区7°S至20°S之间与海拔相关的变暖过程的评估。遥感LST数据是从中分辨率成像分光光度计（MODIS）传感器以1 km的分辨率在8天的合成中获得的，并且在2000-2017年的南方冬季（6月至7月至8月，JJA）中获得。我们分析了平均每月白天LST和平均每月最高气温之间的关系。针对不同类型的覆盖率分析此关系，得出的显着相关性从0.57到0.82不等（p <0.01）。但是，先前对白天LST和归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）趋势的比较评估排除了土地覆被变化的影响。冬季白天LST趋势的分布在大多数地区都有所增加，而在少数地区却有所减少。这种趋势表明，冬季白天的LST以10°C /十年的平均速率增加。我们还发现，冬季白天的LST趋势与海拔高度有明显的相关性，在较高的海拔高度上，暖化作用最强：1000-1500 masl时为0.50°C /十年，而5000 masl时为1.7°C /十年。但是，冬季夜间LST趋势显示随着海拔的升高而稳定增加。气温上升趋势对海拔的依赖性可能对水资源和安第斯高生态系统产生严重影响。我们还发现，冬季白天的LST趋势与海拔高度有明显的相关性，在较高的海拔高度上，暖化作用最强：1000-1500 masl时为0.50°C /十年，而5000 masl时为1.7°C /十年。但是，冬季夜间LST趋势显示随着海拔的升高而稳定增加。温度上升趋势对海拔的依赖性可能对水资源和安第斯高生态系统产生严重影响。我们还发现，冬季白天的LST趋势与海拔高度有明显的相关性，在较高的海拔高度上，暖化作用最强：1000-1500 masl时为0.50°C /十年，而5000 masl时为1.7°C /十年。但是，冬季夜间LST趋势显示随着海拔的升高而稳定增加。气温上升趋势对海拔的依赖性可能对水资源和安第斯高生态系统产生严重影响。