Theories of behaviour used to understand healthcare professional behaviour often focus on the deliberative processes that drive their behaviour; however, less is known about the role that implicit processes such as habit have on healthcare professional behaviour. This systematic review aimed to critically appraise and synthesise research evidence investigating the association between habit and healthcare professional behaviour. A search of five databases (PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL) was conducted up until 29 February 2016 to identify studies reporting correlations between habit and healthcare professional behaviours. Meta-analyses were conducted to assess the overall habit-behaviour association across all behaviours. A subgroup analysis assessed whether the habit-behaviour relationship differed depending on whether the behaviour was objectively measured or assessed by self-report. We identified nine eligible studies involving 1975 healthcare professionals that included 28 habit-behaviour correlations. A combined mean r₊ of 0.35 (medium effect) was observed between habit and healthcare professional behaviour. The habit-behaviour correlation was not affected by whether behaviour was measured objectively or by self-report. This review suggests that habit plays a significant role in healthcare professional behaviour. Findings may have implications for considering health professionals’ habit when promoting the provision of evidence-based health care, and for breaking existing habit when de-implementing outdated, non-evidence-based practices.

中文翻译：

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习惯与临床实践中医护人员专业行为之间的关系：系统评价和荟萃分析

用来理解医护人员专业行为的行为理论通常侧重于驱动其行为的审议过程。然而，人们对诸如习惯之类的隐性过程在医疗保健专业人员行为中所起的作用知之甚少。该系统综述旨在批判性地评估和综合研究习惯与医疗保健专业行为之间关系的研究证据。截至2016年2月29日，对五个数据库（PsycINFO，EMBASE，Scopus和CINAHL）进行了搜索，以鉴定报告习惯与医疗保健专业行为之间相关性的研究。进行荟萃分析以评估所有行为的总体习惯-行为关联。亚组分析评估了习惯-行为关系是否不同，这取决于该行为是客观衡量还是通过自我报告评估。我们确定了9项合格的研究，涉及1975年的医疗保健专业人员，其中包括28个习惯-行为相关性。组合均值在习惯和医疗保健专业行为之间观察到r ₊为0.35（中等效果）。习惯与行为的相关性不受行为是客观衡量还是通过自我报告来衡量。这项审查表明，习惯在医疗保健专业人员的行为中起着重要作用。这些发现可能会影响在促进提供循证医疗保健时考虑卫生专业人员的习惯，以及在取消实施过时的，非循证的做法时打破现有的习惯。