Methamphetamine is a widely abused psychostimulant. It reverses transport through the dopamine transporter, thereby increasing the extracellular level of dopamine in the brain, which is associated with the rewarding effect. Repeated intake of methamphetamine leads to drug addiction, a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug taking, inability to limit intake, and intense drug cravings. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of drug addiction are not well understood, but have been proposed to involve neural plasticity and the remodeling of specific brain circuits. Accumulating evidence also indicates that patients addicted to methamphetamine exhibit impaired cognitive functions such as executive function, attention, social cognition, flexibility, and working memory. Furthermore, decision-making is altered in patients with drug addiction, including methamphetamine abusers. Cognitive impairment as well as altered decision-making in methamphetamine abusers may contribute to the high rate of relapse even after long-term withdrawal with psychosocial support. In this article, we review the effect of methamphetamine on cognition and decision-making in rodents. We also discuss possible mechanisms underlying cognition and decision-making impairments, including neuronal circuits, molecular and cellular events, and action control, as well as potential therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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甲基苯丙胺的使用会导致认知障碍并改变决策。

甲基苯丙胺是一种广泛滥用的精神兴奋剂。它逆转了通过多巴胺转运蛋白的转运，从而增加了大脑中多巴胺的细胞外水平，这与奖励作用有关。重复摄入甲基苯丙胺会导致药物成瘾，这是一种慢性复发性疾病，其特征在于强迫性服药，无法限制摄入量以及强烈的药物渴望。药物成瘾的分子和细胞机制尚不完全清楚，但已提出涉及神经可塑性和特定脑回路的重塑。越来越多的证据还表明，对甲基苯丙胺上瘾的患者表现出认知功能受损，例如执行功能，注意力，社交认知，灵活性和工作记忆。此外，吸毒者包括甲基苯丙胺滥用者的决策改变。甲基苯丙胺滥用者的认知障碍以及决策的改变，即使在心理社会支持下长期戒断后，也可能导致较高的复发率。在本文中，我们回顾了甲基苯丙胺对啮齿动物认知和决策的影响。我们还讨论了潜在的认知和决策障碍的潜在机制，包括神经元回路，分子和细胞事件，动作控制以及潜在的治疗靶标。我们回顾了甲基苯丙胺对啮齿动物认知和决策的影响。我们还讨论了潜在的认知和决策障碍的潜在机制，包括神经元回路，分子和细胞事件，动作控制以及潜在的治疗靶点。我们回顾了甲基苯丙胺对啮齿动物认知和决策的影响。我们还讨论了潜在的认知和决策障碍的潜在机制，包括神经元回路，分子和细胞事件，动作控制以及潜在的治疗靶标。