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Modification of wheat bran particle size and tissue composition affects colonisation and metabolism by human faecal microbiota†
Food & Function ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01272e
Kim De Paepe 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Joran Verspreet 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Mohammad Naser Rezaei 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Silvia Hidalgo Martinez 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 , Filip Meysman 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 , Davy Van de Walle 3, 4, 15, 16, 17 , Koen Dewettinck 3, 4, 15, 16, 17 , Christophe M. Courtin 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Tom Van de Wiele 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

Dietary modulation can alter the gut microbiota composition and activity, in turn affecting health. Particularly, dietary fibre rich foods, such as wheat bran, are an important nutrient source for the gut microbiota. Several processing methods have been developed to modify the functional, textural and breadmaking properties of wheat bran, which can affect the gut microbiota. We therefore studied the effect of enzyme treatment, particle size reduction and wheat kernel pearling on the faecal microbiota of ten healthy individuals. The most commonly studied health marker, associated to the gut microbiota activity is Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) production. This study shows that modifying wheat bran physicochemical properties allows control over the extent and the rate of SCFA production by the faecal microbiota. Wheat bran pericarp fractions, depleted in starch and enriched in cellulose and highly branched arabinoxylans, were poorly fermentable compared to unmodified wheat bran, thus resulting in a reduced SCFA production with up to 20 mM. The nature of the SCFA, however, largely depends on the donor and can be linked to the individual's gut microbiota composition. The latter changed in an individually dependent manner in response to wheat bran modification. Some product dependent significant differences could still be identified across the ten donors. This product effect is more pronounced in the microbial community attached to the wheat bran residue as compared to the luminal microbial community. Generally, we find lower levels of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium and a higher abundance of Proteobacteria in the pericarp enriched wheat bran fractions, compared to unmodified wheat bran.

中文翻译:

麦麸粒径和组织组成的改变会影响人类粪便微生物群的定殖和代谢

饮食调节会改变肠道菌群的组成和活性,进而影响健康。特别是,富含膳食纤维的食物,例如麦麸,是肠道菌群的重要营养来源。已经开发了几种加工方法来改变麦麸的功能,质地和面包制作性能,这会影响肠道菌群。因此,我们研究了酶处理,粒径减小和小麦粒发珠对十个健康个体的粪便微生物群的影响。与肠道菌群活性有关的最常研究的健康标志物是短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的产生。这项研究表明,改变麦麸的理化特性可以控制粪便微生物群产生SCFA的程度和速度。麦麸果皮部分,与未改性的麦麸相比,缺乏淀粉,富含纤维素和高度分支的阿拉伯木聚糖的发酵性较差,因此导致SCFA产量降低至20 mM。但是,SCFA的性质在很大程度上取决于供体,并且可以与个体的肠道菌群组成联系起来。后者响应于麦麸改性而以个体依赖性方式变化。在十个捐赠者中仍然可以确定一些依赖产品的显着差异。与管腔微生物群落相比,这种产物效应在附着于麦麸残留物的微生物群落上更为明显。通常,我们发现较低的 因此,导致SCFA产量降低了20 mM。但是,SCFA的性质在很大程度上取决于供体,并且可以与个体的肠道菌群组成联系起来。后者响应于麦麸改性而以个体依赖性方式变化。在十个捐赠者中仍然可以确定一些依赖产品的显着差异。与管腔微生物群落相比,这种产物效应在附着于麦麸残留物的微生物群落上更为明显。通常,我们发现较低的 因此,导致SCFA产量降低了20 mM。但是,SCFA的性质在很大程度上取决于供体,并且可以与个体的肠道菌群组成联系起来。后者响应于麦麸改性而以个体依赖性方式变化。在十个捐赠者中仍然可以确定一些依赖产品的显着差异。与管腔微生物群落相比,这种产物效应在附着于麦麸残留物的微生物群落上更为明显。通常,我们发现较低的 在十个捐赠者中仍然可以确定一些依赖产品的显着差异。与管腔微生物群落相比,这种产物效应在附着于麦麸残留物的微生物群落上更为明显。通常,我们发现较低的 在十个捐赠者中仍然可以确定一些依赖产品的显着差异。与管腔微生物群落相比,这种产物效应在附着于麦麸残留物的微生物群落上更为明显。通常,我们发现较低的与未修饰的麦麸相比,果皮富含的麦麸级分中的硬毛菌拟杆菌属双歧杆菌以及较高的变形杆菌含量。
更新日期:2018-12-20
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