Wireless networks for industrial control systems are promising because of their reduced cost, flexible structure, and improved long-term reliability. However, wireless control systems are vulnerable to probing-free attacks (PFAs), which are not possible in wired control systems. Thus, wireless control systems must be made as secure as wired systems. Physical (PHY)-layer security technology (PHY-Sec) may be a new strategy for securing industrial wireless control systems. Among all PHY-Sec technologies, PHY-layer authentication is the first step for PHYSec in industrial wireless control systems. This article discusses the principles of PHY-Sec, its application to wireless control systems, and potential research directions.

中文翻译：

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工业无线控制系统的物理层安全：基础知识和未来方向

用于工业控制系统的无线网络因其降低的成本、灵活的结构和提高的长期可靠性而前景广阔。然而，无线控制系统容易受到免探测攻击 (PFA) 的攻击，而这在有线控制系统中是不可能的。因此，无线控制系统必须像有线系统一样安全。物理 (PHY) 层安全技术 (PHY-Sec) 可能是保护工业无线控制系统的新策略。在所有 PHY-Sec 技术中，PHY 层认证是工业无线控制系统中 PHYSec 的第一步。本文讨论了 PHY-Sec 的原理、它在无线控制系统中的应用以及潜在的研究方向。