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Modeling the Global Sowing and Harvesting Windows of Major Crops Around the Year 2000
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-15 , DOI: 10.1029/2018ms001477
Toshichika Iizumi 1 , Wonsik Kim 1 , Motoki Nishimori 1
Affiliation  

The lack of spatially detailed crop calendars is a significant source of uncertainty in modeling, monitoring, and forecasting crop production. In this paper, we present a rule‐based model to estimate the sowing and harvesting windows of major crops over the global land area. The model considers field workability due to snow cover and heavy rainfall in addition to crop biological requirements for heat, chilling, and moisture. Using daily weather data for the period 1996–2005 as model input, we derive calendars for maize, rice, winter and spring wheat, and soybeans around the year 2000 with a spatial resolution of 0.5° in latitude and longitude. Separate calendars for rainfed and irrigated conditions and three representative varieties (short‐, medium‐ and long‐season varieties) are estimated. The daily probabilities of sowing and harvesting derived using the model well capture the major characteristics of reported calendars. Our modeling reveals that field workability is an important determinant of sowing and harvesting dates and that multicropping patterns influence the calendars of individual crops. The case studies show that the model is capable of capturing multicropping patterns such as triple rice cropping in Bangladesh, double rice cropping in the Philippines, winter wheat‐maize rotations in France, and maize‐winter wheat‐soybean rotations in Brazil. The model outputs are particularly valuable for agricultural and hydrological applications in regions where existing crop calendars are sparse or unreliable.

中文翻译:

对2000年前后主要农作物的全球播种和收获窗户建模

缺乏空间详细的农作物日历是造成作物产量建模,监测和预报不确定性的重要原因。在本文中,我们提出了一个基于规则的模型来估计全球陆地面积上主要农作物的播种和收获窗口。该模型考虑了由于积雪和暴雨造成的田间可加工性,以及作物对热量,寒冷和水分的生物学要求。使用1996-2005年期间的每日天气数据作为模型输入,我们得出了2000年前后玉米,水稻,冬小麦,春小麦和大豆的日历,经纬度的空间分辨率为0.5°。估计了雨养和灌溉条件的独立日历和三个代表性品种(短,中和长季节品种)。使用该模型得出的每日播种和收获概率很好地反映了所报告日历的主要特征。我们的模型表明,田间可操作性是播种和收获日期的重要决定因素,而多作模式会影响单个农作物的日历。案例研究表明,该模型能够捕获多种作物模式,例如孟加拉国的三季稻,菲律宾的双季稻,法国的冬小麦-玉米轮作以及巴西的玉米-冬小麦-大豆轮作。模型输出对于现有作物日历稀疏或不可靠的地区的农业和水文应用特别有价值。我们的模型表明,田间可操作性是播种和收获日期的重要决定因素,而多作模式会影响单个农作物的日历。案例研究表明,该模型能够捕获多种作物模式,例如孟加拉国的三季稻,菲律宾的双季稻,法国的冬小麦-玉米轮作以及巴西的玉米-冬小麦-大豆轮作。模型输出对于现有作物日历稀疏或不可靠的地区的农业和水文应用特别有价值。我们的模型表明,田间可操作性是播种和收获日期的重要决定因素,而多作模式会影响单个农作物的日历。案例研究表明,该模型能够捕获多种作物模式,例如孟加拉国的三季稻,菲律宾的双季稻,法国的冬小麦-玉米轮作以及巴西的玉米-冬小麦-大豆轮作。模型输出对于现有作物日历稀疏或不可靠的地区的农业和水文应用特别有价值。菲律宾的水稻产量翻倍,法国的冬小麦玉米轮作,巴西的玉米冬小麦轮作。模型输出对于现有作物日历稀疏或不可靠的地区的农业和水文应用特别有价值。菲律宾的稻米产量翻了一番,法国的冬小麦玉米轮作,巴西的玉米冬小麦轮作。模型输出对于现有作物日历稀疏或不可靠的地区的农业和水文应用特别有价值。
更新日期:2019-01-15
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