Metal-free photocatalytic aerobic hydroxylation of benzene to phenol is achieved by using the low-cost commercially available quinoline sulfate (QuH₂SO₄) as the photocatalyst. The reaction conditions are optimized and a high phenol yield of 11.3% is obtained under the optimal reaction conditions. It is found that the [QuH]⁺ cation is the catalytic active species and its planar structure is crucial for its effect interaction with benzene. Moreover, the influence of the coupled anion on the photocatalytic activity of the [QuH]⁺ cation is investigated and discussed.

中文翻译：

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商购的硫酸喹啉硫酸盐催化的苯的无金属光催化需氧羟基化反应

通过使用低成本的市售硫酸喹啉硫酸盐（QuH ₂ SO ₄）作为光催化剂，可以实现苯的无金属光催化好氧羟基化成苯酚。优化了反应条件，并在最佳反应条件下获得了11.3％的高苯酚收率。发现[QuH] ⁺阳离子是催化活性物质，其平面结构对其与苯的相互作用至关重要。此外，研究和讨论了偶联阴离子对[QuH] ⁺阳离子光催化活性的影响。