In Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a wide field of recent and ongoing search for useful biomarkers for early and differential diagnosis, disease monitoring or subtype characterization. Up to now, no biofluid biomarker has entered the daily clinical routine. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is often used as a source for biomarker development in different neurological disorders because it reflects changes in central-nervous system homeostasis. This review article gives an overview about different biomarker approaches in PD, mainly focusing on CSF analyses. Current state and future perspectives regarding classical protein markers like alpha‑synuclein, but also different "omics" techniques are described. In conclusion, technical advancements in the field already yielded promising results, but further multicenter trials with well-defined cohorts, standardized protocols and integrated data analysis of different modalities are needed before successful translation into routine clinical application.

中文翻译：

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帕金森氏病的脑脊髓液生物标志物：概述。

在帕金森氏病（PD）中，有大量的近期和正在进行的研究，以寻找有用的生物标记物，以进行早期和鉴别诊断，疾病监测或亚型表征。到目前为止，还没有生物流体生物标志物进入日常临床程序。脑脊液（CSF）通常用作不同神经系统疾病中生物标志物发展的来源，因为它反映了中枢神经系统稳态的变化。这篇综述文章概述了PD中不同的生物标志物方法，主要侧重于CSF分析。描述了有关经典蛋白质标记（例如α-突触核蛋白）的当前状态和未来观点，以及不同的“组学”技术。总之，该领域的技术进步已经产生了可喜的成果，