Exosomes are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures, which mediate crosstalk interaction between cells. Recent studies have revealed a close relationship between exosomes and bone homeostasis. It is suggested that bone cells can spontaneously secret exosomes containing proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, which then to regulate osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis. However, the network of regulatory activities of exosomes in bone homeostasis as well as their therapeutic potential in bone injury remain largely unknown. This review will detail and discuss the characteristics of exosomes, the regulatory activities of exosomes in bone homeostasis as well as the clinical potential of exosomes in bone injury.

外来体是细胞来源的膜结构的异质性组，其介导细胞之间的串扰相互作用。最近的研究表明外泌体与骨稳态之间存在着密切的关系。提示骨细胞可以自发分泌含有蛋白质，脂质和核酸的外泌体，从而调节破骨细胞的生成和成骨作用。然而，外泌体在骨稳态中的调节活性及其在骨损伤中的治疗潜力的网络仍是未知的。本文将详细讨论外泌体的特征，外泌体在骨稳态中的调节活性以及外泌体在骨损伤中的临床潜力。