Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and tau pathology (neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads). Amyloid plaques are primarily composed of aggregated and oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides ending at position 42 (Aβ42). The development of fluid and PET biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), has allowed for detection of Aβ pathology in vivo and marks a major advancement in understanding the role of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the recent National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) Research Framework, AD is defined by the underlying pathology as measured in patients during life by biomarkers (Jack et al., 2018), while clinical symptoms are used for staging of the disease. Therefore, sensitive, specific and robust biomarkers to identify brain amyloidosis are central in AD research. Here, we discuss fluid and PET biomarkers for Aβ and their application.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默氏病淀粉样蛋白病理学的液体和PET生物标志物。

阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的特征是淀粉样斑块和tau病理（神经原纤维缠结和神经纤维缠结）。淀粉样斑块主要由聚集在位置42（Aβ42）上的聚集和寡聚的β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）肽组成。阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的液体和PET生物标志物的发展，可以检测体内Aβ病理学，标志着在理解Aβ在阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）中的作用方面取得了重大进展。在最近的国家老龄化和阿尔茨海默氏症协会（NIA-AA）研究框架中，AD的定义是通过生物标志物对一生中患者进行的终生病理测量（Jack等人，2018），而临床症状则用于分期这种病。因此，敏感，识别脑淀粉样变性的特异而强大的生物标志物是AD研究的中心。在这里，我们讨论了Aβ的液体和PET生物标志物及其应用。