Abstract Recent research works show that the biodiesel is one of the most promising renewable and sustainable fuels for diesel engines because it is biodegradable, oxygenated, sulphur free and renewable in nature. The major issue in using the biodiesel fuel is the increase in oxides of nitrogen emission compared to that of fossil diesel which is coined as Biodiesel-NOx penalty. Hence, it is attractive to focus on the parameters that mitigate the NOx emission for enhancing the usage of sustainable biodiesel fuels. Therefore, this paper presents comprehensive experimental investigation and multi-zone phenomenological model for analyzing the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuels. The test fuels include the baseline diesel, karanja, coconut biodiesel, binary blends of karanja, coconut and hydrogenated karanja samples. The model results are validated with the experimental results at a wide range of speed and load conditions. The model predictions are observed to be matching well with the measured data with a maximum prediction error of 7% and 18% for NO and soot emissions respectively. The parametric investigations in terms of experiments and validated model to study the effect of start of injection, fuel formulation and blends of biodiesel fuels on the emission characteristics of biodiesel fuels demonstrate that biodiesel-NOx penalty could be alleviated by restoring the start of injection of biodiesel fuel to that of diesel and through fuel formulation technique. While, the binary blends of karanja and coconut does not significantly alter the emission characteristics at lower speed, it shows a beneficial effect on NO emission at higher speeds.

中文翻译：

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生物柴油、生物柴油二元混合物、氢化生物柴油和喷射参数对涡轮增压柴油发动机中氮氧化物和碳烟排放的影响

摘要 近年来的研究表明，生物柴油具有可生物降解、含氧、无硫、可再生等特点，是最有前途的可再生、可持续的柴油发动机燃料之一。与化石柴油相比，使用生物柴油燃料的主要问题是氮氧化物排放量的增加，这被称为生物柴油-NOx 惩罚。因此，关注减轻 NOx 排放的参数以提高可持续生物柴油燃料的使用是很有吸引力的。因此，本文提出了全面的实验研究和多区域现象学模型，用于分析生物柴油燃料的燃烧和排放特性。测试燃料包括基准柴油、karanja、椰子生物柴油、karanja、椰子和氢化karanja样品的二元混合物。模型结果与在各种速度和负载条件下的实验结果进行了验证。观察到模型预测与实测数据匹配良好，NO 和烟尘排放的最大预测误差分别为 7% 和 18%。通过实验和验证模型的参数研究来研究生物柴油燃料的喷射开始、燃料配方和混合燃料对生物柴油燃料排放特性的影响，表明通过恢复生物柴油的喷射开始可以减轻生物柴油-NOx 惩罚燃料到柴油和通过燃料配方技术。虽然卡兰贾和椰子的二元混合物在较低速度下不会显着改变排放特性，但在较高速度下对 NO 排放显示出有益效果。