当前位置：
X-MOL 学术
›
Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.
›
论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your
feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Children’s Car Seats Contain Legacy and Novel Flame Retardants
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00568 Yan Wu 1 , Gillian Z. Miller 2 , Jeff Gearhart 2 , Kevin Romanak 1 , Viorica Lopez-Avila 3 , Marta Venier 1
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00568 Yan Wu 1 , Gillian Z. Miller 2 , Jeff Gearhart 2 , Kevin Romanak 1 , Viorica Lopez-Avila 3 , Marta Venier 1
Affiliation
|
Brominated and phosphorus-based flame retardants (PFRs) were measured in foam and fabric samples from 18 newly marketed children’s car seats. The concentrations of two cyclic phosphonates {PMMMPs, 5-ethyl-2-methyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl)methyl methyl methylphosphonate and bis[(5-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)methyl] methyl phosphonate p,p′-dioxide} were quantitatively measured for the first time in the North American environment and were much higher than those of other flame retardants. Median PMMMP concentrations were 73.6 μg/g, accounting on average for 52% of the total FR concentrations, indicating an intentional addition of PMMMPs during the manufacturing process of these car seats. Two other emerging PFRs [tris(2,4-di-Hi Katie,t-butylphenyl) phosphate (TDTBPP) and resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) (RDP)] were detected for the first time in baby products at median levels of 1.11 and 6.15 μg/g, respectively. Other frequently detected PFRs included triethyl phosphate (TEP), triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP). Among the brominated flame retardants monitored, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), with a median concentration of 128 μg/g, was the only halogenated FR measured at levels suggesting intentional use. Other brominated FRs such as hexabromobenzene (HBB) and 2,3-dibromo 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE) were sporadically detected with median concentrations of 0.23 and 0.18 μg/g, respectively. Despite being phased out in the United States starting in 2013, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were still observed in 75% of our samples, although at modest levels (median total PBDE levels of 0.24 μg/g). Trace PBDE levels suggest background contamination rather than intentional use. The high levels of FRs measured in these children’s car seats together with the negative health effects associated with some of these compounds are a cause for concern for children’s health.
中文翻译：
儿童汽车安全座椅包含传统和新型阻燃剂
在来自18个新投放市场的儿童汽车座椅的泡沫和织物样品中，对溴和磷基阻燃剂（PFR）进行了测量。两种环状膦酸酯{PMMMPs，5-ethyl-2-methyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl）methylmethylphosphonate和bis [（5-ethyl-2-methyl-1，在北美环境中，首次对3,2-二氧杂膦酰基-5（甲基）甲基]膦酸酯p，p' -dioxide}进行了定量测定，其含量远高于其他阻燃剂。PMMMP的中位数浓度为73.6μg/ g，平均占总FR浓度的52％，表明在这些汽车座椅的制造过程中有意添加了PMMMP。另外两个新兴的PFR [tris（2,4-di- Hi Katie，t首次在婴儿产品中分别检测到磷酸正丁基苯基酯（TDTBPP）和间苯二酚双磷酸二苯酯（RDP）]的中位数，分别为1.11和6.15μg/ g。其他经常检测到的PFR包括磷酸三乙酯（TEP），磷酸三苯酯（TPHP）和磷酸三（2-丁氧基乙基）酯（TBOEP）。在所监测的溴化阻燃剂中，十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）的中值浓度为128μg/ g，是唯一在有意使用的情况下测得的卤化FR。零星检测到其他溴化FR，例如六溴苯（HBB）和2,3-二溴2,4,6-三溴苯醚（DPTE），其中位浓度分别为0.23和0.18μg/ g。尽管从2013年开始在美国逐步淘汰多溴二苯醚（PBDEs），但仍有75％的样本被发现，尽管含量适中（PBDE的总中位数为0.24μg/ g）。痕量多溴二苯醚含量表明背景污染而不是有意使用。在这些儿童汽车安全座椅中测得的FRs含量很高，以及其中某些化合物对健康的负面影响是引起儿童健康问题的原因。
更新日期：2018-12-03
中文翻译：
儿童汽车安全座椅包含传统和新型阻燃剂
在来自18个新投放市场的儿童汽车座椅的泡沫和织物样品中，对溴和磷基阻燃剂（PFR）进行了测量。两种环状膦酸酯{PMMMPs，5-ethyl-2-methyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl）methylmethylphosphonate和bis [（5-ethyl-2-methyl-1，在北美环境中，首次对3,2-二氧杂膦酰基-5（甲基）甲基]膦酸酯p，p' -dioxide}进行了定量测定，其含量远高于其他阻燃剂。PMMMP的中位数浓度为73.6μg/ g，平均占总FR浓度的52％，表明在这些汽车座椅的制造过程中有意添加了PMMMP。另外两个新兴的PFR [tris（2,4-di- Hi Katie，t首次在婴儿产品中分别检测到磷酸正丁基苯基酯（TDTBPP）和间苯二酚双磷酸二苯酯（RDP）]的中位数，分别为1.11和6.15μg/ g。其他经常检测到的PFR包括磷酸三乙酯（TEP），磷酸三苯酯（TPHP）和磷酸三（2-丁氧基乙基）酯（TBOEP）。在所监测的溴化阻燃剂中，十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）的中值浓度为128μg/ g，是唯一在有意使用的情况下测得的卤化FR。零星检测到其他溴化FR，例如六溴苯（HBB）和2,3-二溴2,4,6-三溴苯醚（DPTE），其中位浓度分别为0.23和0.18μg/ g。尽管从2013年开始在美国逐步淘汰多溴二苯醚（PBDEs），但仍有75％的样本被发现，尽管含量适中（PBDE的总中位数为0.24μg/ g）。痕量多溴二苯醚含量表明背景污染而不是有意使用。在这些儿童汽车安全座椅中测得的FRs含量很高，以及其中某些化合物对健康的负面影响是引起儿童健康问题的原因。
京公网安备 11010802027423号