A batch culture experiment was conducted to study the interactive effects of ocean acidification (OA) and solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 280–400 nm) on the harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. Cells were incubated in 7-days trials under four treatments. Physiological (growth, pigments, UV_abc) and toxicity (hemolytic activity and its toxicity to zebrafish embryos) response variables were measured in four treatments, representing two factorial combinations of CO₂ (400 and 1000 μatm) and solar irradiance (with or without UVR). Toxic species K. mikimotoi showed sustained growth in all treatments, and there was not statistically significant difference among four treatments. Cell pigment content decreased, but UV_abc and hemolytic activity increased in all HC treatments and PAB conditions. The toxicity to zebrafish embryos of K. mikimotoi was not significantly different among four treatments. All HC and UVR conditions and the combinations of HC*UVR (HC-PAB) positively affected the UV_abc, hemolytic activity in comparison to the LC*P (LC-P) treatment, and negatively affected the pigments. Ocean acidification (OA) was probably the main factor that affected the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and UV_abc, but UVR was the main factor that affected the carotenoid (Caro) and hemolytic activity. There were no significant interactive effects of OA*UVR on growth, toxicity to zebrafish embryos. If these results are extrapolated to the natural environment, it can be hypothesized that this strain (DP-C32) of K. mikimotoi cells have the efficient mechanisms to endure the combination of ocean acidification and solar UVR. It is assumed that this toxic strain could form harmful bloom and enlarge the threatening to coastal communities, marine animals, even human health under future conditions.

进行了分批培养实验，以研究海洋酸化（OA）和太阳紫外线辐射（UVR，280–400 nm）对有害的鞭毛藻（Kinonia mikimotoi）的相互作用。在4种处理方式下，将细胞在7天的试验中进行孵育。在四种处理中测量了生理（生长，色素，UV _abc）和毒性（溶血活性及其对斑马鱼胚胎的毒性）响应变量，代表了CO ₂（400和1000μatm）和太阳辐照度（有或没有UVR）的两种因子组合）。在所有处理中，有毒物种mikimotoi均显示出持续的生长，而四种处理之间没有统计学上的显着差异。细胞色素含量降低，但紫外线_abc在所有HC处理和PAB条件下，溶血活性均增加。在四种处理之间，对K. mikimotoi的斑马鱼胚胎的毒性没有显着差异。与LC * P（LC-P）处理相比，所有HC和UVR条件以及HC * UVR（HC-PAB）的组合均对UV _abc，溶血活性产生积极影响，而对颜料产生负面影响。海洋酸化（OA）可能是影响叶绿素a（Chl-a）和紫外线_abc的主要因素，但UVR是影响类胡萝卜素（Caro）和溶血活性的主要因素。OA * UVR对斑马鱼胚胎的生长，毒性没有明显的相互作用。如果将这些结果外推到自然环境中，则可以推测出，该菌株的mikimotoi细胞（DP-C32）具有有效的机制来耐受海洋酸化和太阳UVR的结合。据推测，在未来条件下，这种有毒菌株可能会形成有害的花开并扩大对沿海社区，海洋动物甚至人类健康的威胁。