Systematic cultures of drain tips or drainage fluids for the early detection of surgical site infections (SSIs) are controversial. To examine the association between the results of systematic drain tip or drainage fluid cultures and the occurrence of SSIs in clean or clean-contaminated surgery. Searches were performed in the PubMed, and Cat.inist databases for observational studies published before 31st March 2017. Studies reporting results of drain tip or drainage fluid systematic cultures and SSIs after clean or clean-contaminated surgeries were included, and meta-analyses were performed. Seventeen studies, including 4390 patients for drain tip cultures and 1288 for drainage fluid cultures, were selected. The pooled negative predictive values were high (99%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 98–100 for drain tip cultures and 98%, 95% CI 94–100 for drainage fluid cultures). The positive predictive values were low (11%, 95% CI 2–24 for drain tip cultures and 12%, 95% CI 3–24 for drainage fluid cultures). The sensitivities were low (41%, 95% CI 12–73 for drain tip cultures and 37%, 95% CI 16–60 for drainage fluid cultures). The specificities were high (93%, 95% CI 88–96) for drain tip cultures and moderate (77%, 95% CI 54–94) for drainage fluid cultures. Systematic cultures of drain tips or drainage fluids appear not to be relevant, because their positive predictive values were low in the prediction of SSIs.

用于早期发现手术部位感染（SSI）的排泄口或排泄液的系统培养是有争议的。检查系统的引流尖端或引流液培养结果与干净或干净污染的手术中SSI发生之间的关联。搜索在PubMed和Cat.inist数据库中进行，以进行2017年3月31日之前发布的观察性研究。研究报告了排泄头或排泄液系统培养物和SSI在干净或干净污染的手术后的结果，并进行了荟萃分析。选择了17项研究，包括4390例进行引流尖端培养的患者和1288例进行了引流培养的患者。合并的阴性预测值很高（对于排料端培养物，阴性预测值较高（99％，95％置信区间（CI）为98-100），98％，95％CI 94–100（用于排水液培养）。阳性预测值较低（排泄物培养物为11％，CI 2-24为95％，排液培养物为12％，95％CI 3-24）。敏感性较低（排泄物培养物为41％，CI 12–73为95％，排泄液培养物为37％，CI 16-60为95％）。排泄物培养的特异性很高（93％，95％CI 88-96），排泄液培养的特异性中等（77％，95％CI 54-94）。排水嘴或排水液的系统培养似乎无关紧要，因为它们的阳性预测值在SSI预测中较低。95％CI 16–60（用于排水液培养）。排泄物培养的特异性很高（93％，95％CI 88-96），排泄液培养的特异性中等（77％，95％CI 54-94）。排水嘴或排水液的系统培养似乎无关紧要，因为它们的阳性预测值在SSI预测中较低。95％CI 16–60（用于排水液培养）。排泄物培养的特异性很高（93％，95％CI 88-96），排泄液培养的特异性中等（77％，95％CI 54-94）。排水嘴或排水液的系统培养似乎无关紧要，因为它们的阳性预测值在SSI预测中较低。