Halide perovskites are an intriguing class of materials that have recently attracted considerable attention for use as the active layer in thin film optoelectronic devices, including thin-film transistors, light-emitting devices, and solar cells. The “soft” nature of these materials, as characterized by their low formation energy and Young’s modulus, and high thermal expansion coefficients, not only enables thin films to be fabricated via low-temperature deposition methods but also presents rich opportunities for manipulating film formation. This comprehensive review explores how the unique chemistry of these materials can be exploited to tailor film growth processes and highlights the connections between processing methods and the resulting film characteristics. The discussion focuses principally on methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃ or MAPbI₃), which serves as a useful and well-studied model system for examining the unique attributes of halide perovskites, but various other important members of this family are also considered. The resulting film properties are discussed in the context of the characteristics necessary for achieving high-performance optoelectronic devices and accurate measurement of physical properties.

中文翻译：

---

卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的合成方法

卤化物钙钛矿是一类有趣的材料，最近在用作薄膜光电器件（包括薄膜晶体管，发光器件和太阳能电池）的有源层方面引起了极大的关注。这些材料的“柔软”性质，以其低的形成能和杨氏模量以及高的热膨胀系数为特征，不仅使薄膜可以通过低温沉积方法来制造，而且为操纵膜的形成提供了丰富的机会。这份全面的综述探讨了如何利用这些材料的独特化学性质来调整膜的生长过程，并强调了加工方法与所得膜特性之间的联系。讨论主要集中在甲基铵碘化铅（CH₃ NH ₃碘化铅₃或MAPbI ₃），其作为用于检查卤化物钙钛矿的独特属性的有用和充分研究的模型系统，但该家族的各种其他重要成员也考虑。在获得高性能光电器件和精确测量物理性能所必需的特性的背景下，讨论了所得膜的性能。