Textured interfaces in monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: advanced light management for improved efficiency and energy yield†,Energy & Environmental Science

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Textured interfaces in monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: advanced light management for improved efficiency and energy yield†
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-25 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8ee02469c
Marko Jošt _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Eike Köhnen _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Anna Belen Morales-Vilches _{3,

4,

5,

6} , Benjamin Lipovšek _{7,

8,

9,

10} , Klaus Jäger _{2,

3,

4,

11} , Bart Macco _{2,

3,

4,

12} , Amran Al-Ashouri _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Janez Krč _{7,

8,

9,

10} , Lars Korte _{2,

3,

4,

12} , Bernd Rech _{2,

3,

4,

12} , Rutger Schlatmann _{3,

4,

5,

6} , Marko Topič _{7,

8,

9,

10} , Bernd Stannowski _{3,

4,

5,

6} , Steve Albrecht _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Efficient light management in monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells is one of the prerequisites for achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Textured silicon wafers can be utilized for light management, however, this is typically not compatible with perovskite solution processing. Here, we instead employ a textured light management (LM) foil on the front-side of a tandem solar cell processed on a wafer with a planar front-side and textured back-side. This way the PCE of monolithic, 2-terminal perovskite/silicon-heterojunction tandem solar cells is significantly improved from 23.4% to 25.5%. Furthermore, we validate an advanced numerical model for our fabricated device and use it to optically optimize a number of device designs with textures at different interfaces with respect to the PCE and energy yield. These simulations predict a slightly lower optimal bandgap of the perovskite top cell in a textured device as compared to a flat one and demonstrate strong interdependency between the bandgap and the texture position in the monolithic stack. We estimate the PCE potential for the best performing both-side textured device to be 32.5% for a perovskite bandgap of 1.66 eV. Furthermore, the results show that under perpendicular illumination conditions, for optimized designs, the LM foil on top of the cell performs only slightly better than a flat anti-reflective coating. However, under diffuse illumination, the benefits of the LM foil are much greater. Finally, we calculate the energy yield for the different device designs, based on true weather data for three different locations throughout the year, taking direct as well as diffuse illumination fully into account. The results further confirm the benefits of front-side texture, even more for BIPV applications. Overall, devices built on a both-side textured silicon wafer perform best. However, we show that devices with textured LM foils on the cell's front-side are a highly efficient alternative.

中文翻译：

整体钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池中的纹理界面：先进的光管理功能，可提高效率和产生能量†

整体钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池中的有效光管理是实现高功率转换效率（PCE）的先决条件之一。可以将纹理化的硅晶片用于光管理，但是，这通常与钙钛矿溶液处理不兼容。在这里，我们改为在串联的太阳能电池的正面采用纹理化的光管理（LM）箔，该薄膜是在具有平坦正面和纹理化背面的晶圆上进行处理的。这样，整体式，2末端钙钛矿/硅-异质结串联太阳能电池的PCE显着提高，从23.4％增至25.5％。此外，我们验证了制造设备的高级数值模型，并使用它对PCE和能量产出在不同界面处的纹理进行光学优化的许多设备设计。这些模拟预测与平整的设备相比，纹理化设备中钙钛矿顶部电池的最佳带隙略低，并且证明了带隙与整体式堆叠中纹理位置之间的强烈相互依赖性。对于钙钛矿带隙为1.66 eV的器件，我们估计最佳性能的双面纹理器件的PCE潜力为32.5％。此外，结果表明，在垂直照明条件下，为优化设计，电池顶部的LM箔片仅比平坦的抗反射涂层稍好。但是，在漫射照明下，LM箔的好处要大得多。最后，我们根据一年中三个不同地点的真实天气数据，计算出不同设备设计的能耗，充分考虑到直接照明和漫射照明。结果进一步证实了正面纹理的好处，甚至对于BIPV应用而言更是如此。总体而言，构建在双面纹理化硅晶圆上的设备性能最佳。但是，我们显示，在单元正面具有带纹理的LM箔的设备是一种高效的替代产品。

更新日期：2018-10-25

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