Digital twin (DT) is one of the most promising enabling technologies for realizing smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. DTs are characterized by the seamless integration between the cyber and physical spaces. The importance of DTs is increasingly recognized by both academia and industry. It has been almost 15 years since the concept of the DT was initially proposed. To date, many DT applications have been successfully implemented in different industries, including product design, production, prognostics and health management, and some other fields. However, at present, no paper has focused on the review of DT applications in industry. In an effort to understand the development and application of DTs in industry, this paper thoroughly reviews the state-of-the-art of the DT research concerning the key components of DTs, the current development of DTs, and the major DT applications in industry. This paper also outlines the current challenges and some possible directions for future work.

中文翻译：

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行业中的数字孪生：最新技术

数字孪生（DT）是实现智能制造和工业4.0的最有前途的使能技术之一。DT的特征在于网络空间与物理空间之间的无缝集成。DT的重要性已被学术界和工业界越来越多地认识到。自从最初提出DT的概念以来，已经过去了15年。迄今为止，许多DT应用已在不同行业中成功实施，包括产品设计，生产，预测和健康管理以及其他一些领域。但是，目前，没有论文集中在工业界中DT应用的综述上。为了理解DT的发展和在工业中的应用，本文彻底回顾了DT研究中有关DT关键组成部分的最新技术，DT的当前发展以及工业上主要的DT应用。本文还概述了当前的挑战以及未来工作的一些可能方向。