The Arctic region is a harbinger of global change and is warming at a rate higher than the global average. While Arctic warming is driven by increases in anthropogenic greenhouse gases' in combination with local feedback mechanisms, short‐lived climate forcing agents, such as tropospheric aerosol, are also important drivers of Arctic climate. Arctic aerosol‐climate impacts vary seasonally as a result of the interplay between aerosol and different cloud types, available solar radiation, sea ice, surface albedo, Arctic and lower latitude removal processes, and atmospheric transport patterns. Photochemistry and efficient wet aerosol removal have low impact in winter but become important in spring to summer, dramatically altering aerosol chemical composition, and driving the size distribution from a pronounced accumulation mode toward a dominance of smaller particles. Retreating sea ice, increasing solar insolation and warmer temperatures in summer result in enhanced emissions from Arctic marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and anthropogenic sources, with impacts on the composition of gas and particle phases. Fractional cloud cover reaches a maximum in Arctic summer, in parallel with decreasing sea ice extent and surface albedo. This seasonal variation corresponds to significant changes in the net cloud radiative effect; changes that are affected by aerosol. This review summarizes our current knowledge of processes that control Arctic aerosol properties. We highlight both natural and anthropogenic processes that will be impacted by current and future sea ice loss. Efforts are needed to better constrain aerosol removal rates, characterize aerosol precursors, and constrain the seasonality and magnitude of aerosol‐cloud‐climate impacts.

中文翻译：

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控制北极气溶胶组成和丰度的过程

北极地区是全球变化的预兆，并且正在以高于全球平均水平的速度升温。北极变暖是由人为温室气体的增加和局部反馈机制共同驱动的，而对流层气溶胶等短暂的气候强迫因子也是北极气候的重要驱动因素。由于气溶胶和不同的云类型，可用的太阳辐射，海冰，地表反照率，北极和低纬度去除过程以及大气传输模式之间的相互作用，北极的气溶胶气候影响随季节变化。光化学和有效去除湿气中的烟雾对冬季的影响很小，但在春季至夏季变得很重要，从而极大地改变了气溶胶的化学成分，并将尺寸分布从明显的累积模式向较小颗粒的主导方向发展。夏季撤回海冰，增加日照和温度升高会导致北极海洋和陆地生态系统以及人为源的排放量增加，从而影响气相和颗粒相的组成。在北极夏季，部分云层覆盖达到最大值，与此同时海冰范围和地表反照率下降。这种季节性变化对应于净云辐射效应的显着变化。受气溶胶影响的变化。这篇综述总结了我们目前对控制北极气溶胶特性的过程的了解。我们强调自然和人为过程都会受到当前和未来海冰损失的影响。