Several concepts, which in the aggregate get might be used to account for “resilience” against age‐ and disease‐related changes, have been the subject of much research. These include brain reserve, cognitive reserve, and brain maintenance. However, different investigators have use these terms in different ways, and there has never been an attempt to arrive at consensus on the definition of these concepts. Furthermore, there has been confusion regarding the measurement of these constructs and the appropriate ways to apply them to research. Therefore the reserve, resilience, and protective factors professional interest area, established under the auspices of the Alzheimer's Association, established a whitepaper workgroup to develop consensus definitions for cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenance. The workgroup also evaluated measures that have been used to implement these concepts in research settings and developed guidelines for research that explores or utilizes these concepts. The workgroup hopes that this whitepaper will form a reference point for researchers in this area and facilitate research by supplying a common language.

中文翻译：

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白皮书：定义和研究认知储备、大脑储备和大脑维护

有几个概念，总的来说可以用来解释对年龄和疾病相关变化的“弹性”，已经成为许多研究的主题。这些包括大脑储备、认知储备和大脑维护。然而，不同的研究者以不同的方式使用这些术语，并且从未试图就这些概念的定义达成共识。此外，关于这些结构的测量以及将它们应用于研究的适当方法一直存在混淆。因此，在阿尔茨海默病协会的支持下建立的储备、恢复力和保护因素专业兴趣区成立了一个白皮书工作组，以制定认知储备、大脑储备和大脑维护的共识定义。该工作组还评估了在研究环境中用于实施这些概念的措施，并制定了探索或利用这些概念的研究指南。工作组希望这份白皮书能够成为该领域研究人员的参考点，并通过提供一种通用语言来促进研究。