Towards organogenesis and morphogenesis in vitro: harnessing engineered microenvironment and autonomous behaviors of pluripotent stem cells,Integrative Biology

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Towards organogenesis and morphogenesis in vitro: harnessing engineered microenvironment and autonomous behaviors of pluripotent stem cells
Integrative Biology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-18 , DOI: 10.1039/c8ib00116b
Ningwei Li _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Tianfa Xie _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Yubing Sun _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Recently, researchers have been attempting to control pluripotent stem cell fate or generate self-organized tissues from stem cells. Advances in bioengineering enable generation of organotypic structures, which capture the cellular components, spatial cell organization and even some functions of tissues or organs in development. However, only a few engineering tools have been utilized to regulate the formation and organization of spatially complex tissues derived from stem cells. Here, we provide a review of recent progress in the culture of organotypic structures in vitro, focusing on how microengineering approaches including geometric confinement, extracellular matrix (ECM) property modulation, spatially controlled biochemical factors, and external forces, can be utilized to generate organotypic structures. Moreover, we will discuss potential technologies that can be applied to further control both soluble and insoluble factors spatiotemporally in vitro. In summary, advanced engineered approaches have a great promise in generating miniaturized tissues and organs in a reproducible fashion, facilitating the cellular and molecular understanding of embryogenesis and morphogenesis processes.

中文翻译：

体外器官发生和形态发生：利用工程微环境和多能干细胞的自主行为

最近，研究人员一直在尝试控制多能干细胞的命运或从干细胞中产生自组织的组织。生物工程学的进展使得能够生成器官型结构，该结构型结构捕获细胞成分，空间细胞组织，甚至捕获发育中的组织或器官的某些功能。然而，仅使用了少数工程工具来调节衍生自干细胞的空间复杂组织的形成和组织。在这里，我们提供了体外器官型结构培养的最新进展的综述。着重研究如何利用微工程方法来产生器官型结构，这些方法包括几何限制，细胞外基质（ECM）属性调制，空间受控的生化因子和外力。此外，我们将讨论可用于进一步时空体外控制可溶性和不溶性因子的潜在技术。总而言之，先进的工程方法在以可再现的方式产生小型化的组织和器官，促进细胞和分子对胚胎发生和形态发生过程的理解方面具有广阔的前景。

更新日期：2018-09-18

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