Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), which target two antigens or epitopes, incorporate the specificities and properties of two distinct monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into a single molecule. As such, BsAbs can elicit synergistic activities and provide the capacity for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and/or safety compared to what can be achieved with conventional monospecific IgGs. There are many building block formats to generate BsAbs and Trispecific antibodies (TsAbs) based on combining the antigen recognition domains of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). This review describes the many and varied antibody-based building blocks used to achieve multivalency and multispecificity. These diverse building blocks provide opportunities to tailor the design of BsAbs and TsAbs to match the desired applications.

中文翻译：

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双特异性和三特异性抗体的构建模块

双特异性抗体 (BsAb) 靶向两种抗原或表位，将两种不同的单克隆抗体 (mAb) 的特异性和特性整合到一个分子中。因此，与传统的单特异性 IgG 相比，BsAb 可以引发协同活性，并提供增强治疗功效和/或安全性的能力。基于结合单克隆抗体 (mAb) 的抗原识别域，有许多构建模块格式可以生成 BsAb 和三特异性抗体 (TsAb)。本综述描述了用于实现多价和多特异性的多种基于抗体的构建模块。这些不同的构建块提供了定制 BsAb 和 TsAb 设计以匹配所需应用的机会。