A family of high-resolution NMR methods share the common concept of acquiring in parallel different sub-experiments in different spatial regions of the NMR tube. These spatial encoding and spatial selection methods were for the most part introduced independently from each other and serve different purposes, but they share common ingredients, often derived from magnetic resonance imaging, and they all benefit from a greatly improved time-efficiency. This review article provides a description of several spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, including single-scan multidimensional experiments (ultrafast 2D NMR, DOSY, Z spectroscopy, inversion recovery and Laplace NMR), pure shift and selective refocusing experiments (including Zangger-Sterk decoupling, G-SERF and PSYCHE), a Z filter, and fast-pulsing slice-selective experiments. Some key elements for spatial parallelisation are introduced and when possible a common framework is used for the analysis of each method. Sensitivity considerations are discussed, and a selection of applications is analysed to illustrate which questions can be answered thanks to spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, and discuss the perspectives for future developments and applications.

中文翻译：

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高分辨率核磁共振波谱中的空间编码和空间选择方法

一系列高分辨率 NMR 方法共享在 NMR 管的不同空间区域中并行获取不同子实验的共同概念。这些空间编码和空间选择方法大部分是相互独立引入的，用于不同的目的，但它们具有共同的成分，通常来自磁共振成像，并且它们都受益于大大提高的时间效率。这篇评论文章描述了几种空间编码和空间选择方法，包括单扫描多维实验（超快二维核磁共振、DOSY、Z 光谱、反演恢复和拉普拉斯核磁共振）、纯位移和选择性重聚焦实验（包括 Zangger-Sterk 去耦、G-SERF 和 PSYCHE)、Z 滤波器和快速脉冲切片选择性实验。介绍了空间并行化的一些关键元素，并在可能的情况下使用通用框架来分析每种方法。讨论了敏感性考虑，并分析了一些应用程序，以说明由于空间编码和空间选择方法可以回答哪些问题，并讨论未来发展和应用程序的前景。